6. When we saw the film, all of us were ____.
5. This box is not heavy; I can ____ myself.
4. I have ____ you not to be late many times, but
you are this time.
3. When I left. Tom and his father ____ in.
2. The twins look the same, so I can't ____ them
from each other.
1. Next I'll ask Mr. Green to give some introduction in ____.
2. vary vt. & vi. 變化,改變,變更;相異
A good driver varies the speed of his car according to
the condition of roads.
優秀的司機會依照路況變換車子的速度。
These sweaters vary in size / color.
這些毛衣有各種不同的尺寸/顏色。
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.
對于這件事,人人意見不一。
My doctor said I should vary my diet more.
醫生說我應該使日常飲食更為多樣化。
[拓展]various adj. 各種各樣的,形形色色的
variety n. 多變性,多樣性;種種
[考點6]warn 的用法
▲ 構詞:warning n. 警告;預告,通知;借鑒,反面教
材,教訓
▲搭配:
① warn sb of / about sth 提醒/警告某人有……
② warn sb against sth 提醒/警告某人提防……
③ warn sb against doing sth 提醒/警告某人不要……
④ warn sb(not)to do sth 提醒/警告某人(不要)……
⑤ warn sb that-clause 提醒/警告/預先通知某人……
⑥ give sb warning 預先通知某人(特指解雇、辭職、退租
等)
⑦ without warning 突然
[考例6][NMET 1996] The patient was warned ____
oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not B. eating not
C. not to eat D. not eating
[考查目標] 本題考查warn的賓語補語形式。
[答案與解析]C warn是一個常規動詞,后面接動詞
的不定式形式作賓語補語。
[考點7]wish的用法
▲搭配:
① wish (sb) to do sth. 希望/想要(某人)……
② wish that-clause 但愿……(從句用were型虛擬語
氣)
③ wish for 希望得到,渴望
[考例7][NME 1991] We ____ each other the
best of luck in the examination.
A. hoped B. wanted
C. expected D. wished
[考查目標] 本題考查wish的詞義以及它和近義詞的區
別。
[答案與解析] D wish可以表示“祝愿”,后接代詞(名
詞)賓語,然后接名詞(或形容詞)賓語補語。
[牛刀小試1]
用所給單詞的適當形式填空:
(ahead, vary, touch, manage, step, tell, warn, detail,
wish, risk)
14. risk v.
(1) 使冒危險,作賭注
You are risking your health.
你在以你的健康作賭注。
(2) 冒……之險
He risked his parents' anger by living alone.
他冒可能惹他父母生氣之險獨自生活。
If you put money into the stock market, you will risk
losing it.
如果你把錢投入股市就要冒風險。
[考點10]risk的用法
▲ 搭配:
① at risk 在危險中;有危險
② at all / any risks 無論冒什么危險;無論如何
③at the risk of (= at risk to) 冒……之險;不顧;之風
險
④ at one's own risk (損失、風險等)負責自負;自擔風險
⑤ run / take risks / a risk 冒險
⑥ run / take the risk of doing sth 冒險做某事
⑦ risk doing sth 冒……的危險
⑧ risk one's fortune / health / life 冒著財產/健康/性
命的風險
⑨ It's (not) worth the risk (不)值得冒這個險
[考例10]When children start smoking, they don't real-
ize that they're their health.
A. cost B. care C. risk D. keep
[考查目標] 本題主要考查 risk 作動詞的用法。
[答案與解析]C risk one's health 意為“拿自己的健康
去冒險”。
[考點4]step的用法
▲搭配:
① step in 走進;調停,排解,介入,干涉
② step this way 請這邊走! 請跟我來!
③ keep step (with…) (與……)步調一致
④ in step (with...) 齊步;(和……)步凋一致
⑤ out of step (with...) (和……)步調不一致
⑥ miss one's step 失足
⑦ take steps to do sth 設法;采取措施干某事
⑧ mind / watch one's step 小心地行走;謹慎行事
⑨ step by step 一步一步地;逐步地;逐漸地
[考例4][NMET 1998]"Look at them! They're all out
of ____ except my John! Isn't he the best!”
A. sight B. order C. mind D. step
[考查目標] 本題考查step構成的短語的意思。
[答案與解析]D out of step的意思是“步法混亂”。
這是母親溺愛兒子指責別人的一句話。
[考點5]tell的用法
▲搭配:
① tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告訴某人……
② tell sb of / about sth 告訴某人……
③ tell sb to do sth 吩咐某人……
④ tell (of) 談起/說過
⑤ tell the time (鐘)報時
⑥ tell...(apart)from... 分清,區分
⑦ for what I can tell 據我所知
⑧ I (can) tell you (= let me tell you) 我敢說;確實
⑨ I told you so. 我早就跟你說過了。(意指我沒說錯,
你偏不聽)
⑩ There is no telling. 無法知道;難以預料。
⑩ You can never tell. (=You never can tell.) 誰也不知
道;誰也沒把握。
▲ 辨析:tell;inform
這組近義詞的一般含義是“把某消息或某件事轉達給
別人”。
tell最通用,最不正式。它的含義是“把某事告訴某
人”。它也含有給人“指示”的意思,即“叫某人做某
事”。例如:
Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress
was sold. 他輕蔑地看了她一眼,告訴她說那件衣服被
賣了。
While we were waiting to land, the airhostess told us to
keep calm. 當我們等待著陸的時候,一位飛機乘務員叫
我們保持鎮靜。
它的含義可以是“講述某件事”。
inform 的含義是“向某人傳遞信息”。雖然它可以表示
把任何別人不知道的事情說出來。以使人知曉,但是這
個詞特別適用于告知所發生的情況或有關資料。例
如:
I have just received a letter from my old school infor-
ming me that my former headmaster, Mr.Reginald
Page, will be retiring next week. 我剛接到母校的一封
信,通知我說我的老校長雷金納德·佩奇先生將于下
星期退休。
▲友情提示:inform可以用于上級對下級,也可以用于
下級對上級的通知。
[考例5][2004 全國卷Ⅳ] Alice returned from the
manager's offic, ____ me that the boss wanted to
see me at once.
A. having told B. tells
C. t0 tell D. telling
[考查目標] 本題考查tell的詞義和語法變化。
[答案與解析]D 這是作為補充說明的現在分詞短語
用法,tell在本句的句意是“告訴”。若用having told
表示的則是“前提”,而不是補充說明。
[考點3]touch 的用法
▲ 構詞:touching adj. 動人的,令人同情的,令人感傷
的
▲ 搭配:
① get in touch with 和……取得聯系
② keep / stay in touch with 和……保持聯系 ,
③ lose touch with 和……失去聯系,對……變得生疏
④ out of touch with 同……失去聯系,無……的消息
[考例3][2004重慶] She ____ the burned side of
her face.
A. pointed B. showed
C. wiped D. touched
[考查目標] 本題考查touch的意思。
[答案與解析]D touch意思是“觸摸”的意思。本句的
句意是“她觸摸了她滾燙的臉”。
6. opposite adj. 相反的;相對的,對面的;反對的
We took seats opposite to the directors.
我們坐在董事們的對面。
He and I are on opposite sides in this debate.
在這個辯論里,他和我站在相對的立場。
[拓展]
(1) opposite不但用作形容詞,還用作:
n. [C] 相反的事物,多和of連用。
Sweet and salty are opposites.
甜與咸正好相反。
(2) prep. 在……的對面
The post office is opposite the station.
郵局在車站的對面。
(3) adv. 在對面,在相反的位置
There is a bar opposite.
對面有一家小酒吧。
5. mean vt.
(1) (言詞,事情等) 意味著……,有……的意思
[構成] mean + n. / pron. 或 mean + that 或 mean
doing sth. 或 mean + what...。
What does the word mean in this context?
在上下文中,這個詞是什么意思?
The sign means (that) the road is blocked.
這個標志表示此路不通。
(2)(某人)意欲,意圖,打算
[構成] mean + n. 或 mean to do sth. 或 mean sb. +
to do 或 meau sb. sth.。
We sometimes hurt people's feelings without meaning it.
我們有時會在無意中傷害別人的感情。
She said I ignored her, but I didn't mean to.
她說我忽視了她,但我并沒有這個意思。
I mean her no harm. = I mean no harm to her.
我對她并無惡意。
(3)(對某人而言) 有……的意義
[構成]mean + n. + to sb. 。
His girlfriend means the world to him.
他的女朋友對他來說實在太重要,。
Fame doesn't mean much to me.
名聲對我而言無足輕重。
[考點8]occur的用法
▲搭配:
① sth occurs to sb. 浮現在某人的腦海中;……被
某人想到
② It (never) occurred to sb. that... 某人(從未)想到/起
[考例8][2005 江蘇鹽城模擬]An eclipse of the sun
____ when the moon passes between the earth and
the sun.
A. happened B. occurred
C. appeared D. rose
[考查目標] 本題考查occur的詞義以及它和一些近義
詞的區別。
[答案與解析]B occur可以表示“突然發生”,但不是
意外。
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