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3．　 在狀語從句中的省略

1)　 在結果、目的狀語從句so…..that,such…..that中

例：I got up early so(that)I could catch the early bus.

　 =I got up early (so) that I could catch the early bus.

2)　 在比較狀語從句中

例：My elder sister is a head taller than I (am tall).

The weather in autumn in beijing is better than (the weather) in spring (in Beijing).

3)　 在時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中(即由when，though，as if，if等引導的從句)，如果從句中的謂語有“be”，從句中的主語又和主句的主語相同或是it時，往往把從句中的主語和be都省略。

例：If (it is) necessary possible,the boss will go by himself.

When (he was) in trouble,he always asked me to help.

Though (they were) surrounded,the soldiers didn’t give up.

2．　 在定語從句中的省略

1)　 關聯詞在定語從句中擔任賓語時可以省略。

例：This is the book (which/that) I want to buy.

The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.

The music (that/which) you are listening to is very beautiful.

2)　 關系副詞that在定語從句中常代替when，而且可以省略。

例：1989 was the year (when/that0 he was born.

3)　 關聯詞在從句中作表語時可以省略。

例：She is no longer the girl (that/who) she used to be.

1．　 在賓語中從句中的省略

例：The letter says (that) they are ready for it.

We hope (that) we can win.

例：Why not watch TV?

=Why don’t we watch TV?

2．在詞組be able to，used to，be going to和情態動詞ought to，have to，need等詞后。

例：He never goes there by bus now but he used to (go there by bus).

I’ve not been to America but I am going to (be there ).

1．為了避免重復，再次出現時，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后，往往只保留不定式符號to，而省略后面的動詞。

例：A:Would you like to join us in the game?

B:I’d like/love to.

A:Did you go to Shanghai last month?

B:No,I planned to (go to Shanghai last month).

例：A:Would you like to do it with me?

B:Sure/Certainly/Of course.(I’d like to)

例：(Is there)Anything I can do for you?

His room is big and mine (is) small.省略系動詞

A:Do you ofen go to see films?

B:No,I don’t (go to see films).

B:Never.省略了主語和謂語

例：(I am)Glad to see you .

(I’ll) See you later.

(I) Thank you for coming here.

(Do you) Want some more ?

(It) Sounds like a good idea.

(It) Doesn’t matter.

3.祈使句

將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等動詞，句型是：tell/ask /order someone (not) to do something.)

如果祈使句為否定式，不定式前加not.

(1)”Make sure the door is shut ,” she said to her little son.

She told her little son to make sure the door was shut.

(2)”Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me.

　He told me not to smoke in the room。

第16講省略句

為了避免重復或是由于習慣省略句子中的一個或幾個句子成分，我們稱著總語法現象為省略。省略在英語語法中很常見，尤其是在口語中。