The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression (蕭條) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit--- Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
【小題1】How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?
| A．Through his observation of the country life. |
| B．Through the combination of different ideas. |
| C．By taking other people’s advice. |
| D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago. |
| A．a(chǎn)s far as possible from existing cities. |
| B．in the countryside where the land was cheap. |
| C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed. |
| D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed. |
| A．Their number would continue to rise. |
| B．Each one would continue to become larger |
| C．People would live and work in the same place. |
| D．Each one would contain a certain type of business. |
| A．City and Countryside |
| B．The Invention of the Garden City |
| C．A New City in Chicago |
| D．A Famous Garden City in England |
【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】A
【小題4】B
解析試題分析：文章大意：本文為記敘文，敘述了花園城市的起源和發(fā)展情況。Ebenezer Howard 受“花園城市”的啟發(fā)，后來返回倫敦，在鄉(xiāng)村引用了這個名稱作為他新建花園城市的名稱。后來不斷擴(kuò)大，并有了各種各樣的同大城市里一樣的服務(wù)設(shè)施。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段信息句 it was nicknamed“the Garden City”certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns.得知Howard給花園城市命名是根據(jù)重建的芝加哥的別名。選D。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的最后一句理解到“Howard 的想法是一群人建立一個公司，在遠(yuǎn)離大城市土地非常廉價的鄉(xiāng)下借錢建一個花園城市。 ”故答案選B
【小題3】推理判斷題。從最后一段段意“隨著這些花園城市的建立，越來越多的人遷入花園城市，沒有辦法限制，后來各個花園城市彼此相連，各種服務(wù)都像大城市一樣”。這表明花園城市的數(shù)目在不斷增長。選A。
【小題4】主旨大意題。全文介紹了花園城市的名稱來源以及它的發(fā)展情況，B符合題意。
考點：考查社會經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類短文
學(xué)練快車道口算心算速算天天練系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
We know the westerners like to plan for their time carefully in order to do all the things that are important to them. So if your American or English friend asks you to dinner, he usually invites you a week ahead. But if you really have no time and can't go to the dinner, you can ring him to say sorry. The dinner is usually served at home, sometimes at a restaurant. You should get there on time, and don't forget to put on your fine clothes. It is also a good idea to take some little presents to your friend, such as flowers, chocolates and so on. When you are at dinner, you should also observe (遵守) some other customs. Here I'll give you some dos and don'ts about them in the following:
1) Don't leave bones on the table or the floor. (You should put them on your plate with fingers.)
2) Don't use your bowl to drink soup, but use your spoon to help you instead.
3) Don't talk with much food in your mouth.
4) Don't ask others to have more wine. (This is quite different from that in China.)
5) After dinner, use your napkin (餐巾) to clean your mouth and hands.
6) Make sure small pieces of food are not left on your face.
Then after dinner, you can stay there a little time. And your friend will be pleased if you leave in half an hour or so. Next day, you had better ring him up to thank him for the good dinner.
【小題1】If your American or English friend wants to invite you to dinner, he will invite you _________
| A．on the night before the dinner |
| B．on the day before the dinner |
| C．a(chǎn)t the last moment |
| D．a(chǎn) week before the dinner |
| A．put bones on your plates with fingers |
| B．persuade others to drink more |
| C．drink soup with your spoon |
| D．make sure that there is nothing left on your face after dinner |
| A．After dinner, you'd better stay and talk with your friends for a long time to show your thanks. |
| B．You'd better ring your friend the next day to show your thanks. |
| C．After dinner, you'd better leave in half an hour. |
| D．After dinner, use napkin to clean your mouth. |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Springtime in Paris
Departures: May 5, 12, 19 and June 9
4 days for $129 per person
Paris in the Springtime was, is and always will be, something rather special. Why not experience it for yourself with this excellent break for four days? This attractive city has something to offer everyone and with prices at just $129. It's great value too.
Your break begins with executive coach transfer (中轉(zhuǎn)) from regional (各地的) pickup points and travel to Paris is via crosschannel ferry (渡船), arriving at your hotel in the evening. The Ibis is an excellent quality hotel with private facilities in all rooms: satellite TV, radio, telephone and alarm clock. It has a bar and a restaurant and is situated about two miles south of Notre Dame enabling you to explore Paris with ease.
The following day, after continental breakfast (included), the coach takes you on a comprehensive sightseeing tour of the city, during which you will see the Eiffel Tower, Champs Elysees, L'Arc de Triomphe, the Louvre, in fact almost every famous landmark you will ever have heard of. You then leave Paris and take a short drive to the magnificent Palace of Versailles, the home of Louis XIV. The tour ends midafternoon back in Paris where you will have the remainder of the day at your leisure. In the evening there is a ‘Paris By Night’ tour showing you the beautiful buildings with bright lights.
Day three takes you to Montmartre, perhaps the most picturesque quarter of Paris and home of the Sacre Coeur and the Moulin Rouge. In the afternoon you are free to explore this beautiful city as you wish, perhaps a pleasure voyage on the River Seine, wander around the picturesque gardens or look through among the antique shops (古玩店). In the evening you will have the opportunity to visit the best nightclub in the city, the splendid Patin. On the final day it's back to the UK via channel ferry.
Included in the price of $129 per person：
* Return executive coach travel to Paris;
* Return ferry crossings；
* Three nights accommodation in a twin bedded room in a Central Paris hotel with private facilities；
* Continental breakfast during your stay；
* Guided sightseeing tour of “Paris By Day” and “Paris By Night”；
* Visit to Chateau of Versailles (admission not included)；
* Tour on Montmartre；
* Services of an experienced bilingual tour guide at all times.
【小題1】This advertisement is mainly________.
| A．to tell tourists the route to Paris |
| B．to show the price of traveling to Paris |
| C．to introduce the city of Paris |
| D．to attract tourists to Paris |
| A．have a free time of half day |
| B．have a “Paris By Night” on the first evening |
| C．have a pleasure voyage on the River Seine together |
| D．live in a hotel two miles away from Paris |
| A．the continental breakfasts |
| B．tour on Montmartre |
| C．a(chǎn)dmission ticket to Chateau of Versailles |
| D．services of a bilingual tour guide |
| A．the tourists can telephone in Ibis without paying |
| B．the tourists will see the Eiffel Tower on the third day |
| C．Palace of Versailles is not in the center of Paris |
| D．it will take you a long time to get to Montmartre from Paris |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
As you climb into the hill country, the roads get dustier and rougher, and fewer cars can be seen. Phonxay is one of the poorest districts of Laos, and many of its villages are only accessible by footpath. Our destination this hot morning is a concrete water tank that can be found just off the road. A UK organization helped to build it six years ago, and in the nearby village of Thapho, where clean drinking water is scarce, it has made a big difference. The tank feeds six taps which in turn give water to over 800 people---it has improved things for almost every family, from schoolchildren to grannies.
But lately, we were told, the clean water supply has come under pressure from new arrivals, people who have come down from the hill areas, and there are concerns that there will not be enough clean water to go round.
There are also serious worries about resources in Laos. The Chinese are building a 400km railway link, which could transform the landlocked country. About 150,000 Chinese workers will be involved. What will this do to local clean water supplies? How will the workers be fed?
The vast majority of Laotians live on farms. But with foreign investors wanting to buy up land, local people will have to be moved to make room for them. Heavily dependent on both foreign aid and foreign investment, Laos still falls well behind its neighbours, although its economy has grown at about 6% a year in the last decade. Its biggest economic problem is the lack of locally trained skilled workforce.
But there are reasons to be hopeful for the future. Laos is beautiful, and foreign tourism continues to grow: fortunately so far the fast-food chains and coffee bars common elsewhere are nowhere to be seen. Although all local media are government-run, the Internet is not controlled and the BBC and CNN are available to those with satellite dishes.
The government has also achieved impressive results in rural development, with communities benefiting not just from cleaner water but the construction of new schools and regular visits from medical teams. Poverty will not be history in Laos within the next decade, but with small steps forward and a bit of outside help, the country could find itself out of the UN’s least-developed category by 2020.
【小題1】What is putting pressure on the local supply of clean water?
| A．Dust from the road is making the water dirtier. |
| B．There are too many taps accessing the water. |
| C．The population of the area is growing fast. |
| D．The coming summer will dry up rivers and lakes. |
| A．There are no fast-food restaurants in the country. |
| B．Laos has a variety of tourist attractions. |
| C．Information on the Internet is freely accessible. |
| D．The government owns all local media. |
| A．The lack of local skilled workers. |
| B．A poor transportation system. |
| C．Too much foreign aid. |
| D．Too many foreign workers. |
| A．Laos: slow-developing nations |
| B．Laos: small steps forward |
| C．Laos: least-developed land |
| D．Laos: landlocked country |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Disneyland may look like a straightforward theme park. But there’s a secret world hidden behind the balloons, castles and cotton candy — a place where wild cats wander at midnight, Mickey Mouse hides in the wallpaper, and movie stars drink martinis behind closed doors.
Cat security — It’s not easy keeping the ground of Disneyland spotless, as well as free of unwanted pests. Every night after closing time, 200 wild cats were freed into the park to help keep the rodent（嚙齒）population under control. Though Disney doesn’t comment on the matter, rumor（傳聞）has it that the cat taskforce dates back to 1957. After unsuccessful attempts to chase them out of the park, Disney decided to put the cats to work instead.
Hidden Mickeys—At Disneyland the round-eared Mickey Mouse image is everywhere. But you can also see hundreds of “Hidden Mickeys” across the park, which are very difficult to spot: they’re camouflage （偽裝）in the architecture and landscaping as well as in the smallest stylistic details.
Cocktail（雞尾酒）behind closed doors—Disney is dry unless you can manage to get your name on the list at Club 33. The secret cocktail club has a limited membership of just 487 and a waiting list of approximately 14 years. Walt Disney designed the club as a special space to entertain possible investors; since then, it has hosted US presidents, film stars and foreign guests.
Always on stage—At Disneyland, a doorman isn’t a doorman, he is a “cast member”. So are the large numbers of cashiers, painters, ride operators, gardeners and performers. All “cast members” are trained to follow a specific rule that helps preserve the Disney magic. On the list of dos and don’ts? Never break character. If wearing a costume that belongs in Fantasyland, don’t set foot in Tomorrowland—it might Confuse visitors or break the park’s orderly image. Cast members have a Disney “l(fā)ook book” that details the fresh-faced ideal—no long fingernails, beards, or unnaturally colored hair allowed. It’s a return to Walt Disney’s All-American standards: when the park opened even guests with facial hair weren’t allowed entrance.
【小題1】The reason why there are many wild cats in Disneyland is that ________.
| A．they’re in charge of the cleaning of the park |
| B．they’re allowed to act as cleaners and guards |
| C．they have to keep watch in the daytime |
| D．they have a comfortable house to live in |
| A．small | B．obvious | C．everywhere | D．dishonest |
| A．It’s easy to join the Club 33. | B．The ground keeps dry. |
| C．It doesn’t often rain. | D．Drinking alcohol is forbidden. |
| A．must know the dos and don’t |
| B．needn’t have their facial hair shaved |
| C．can wear unnaturally colored hair |
| D．mustn’t get in Tomorrowland |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Street art can be found on buildings, sidewalks, street signs and even trash cans from Tokyo to Paris to New York City. This special kind of art can take the form of paintings, sculptures, cloth or even stickers. Street art has become part of a global visual culture. Now, even art museums and galleries are collecting the work of street artists.
It is not easy to provide an exact history of the street art movement. This kind of art has developed in many kinds of ways in places all over the world. Also, because it is illegal to paint public and private property without permission, street artists usually work secretly. This secretive nature of street art and its countless forms make it hard to define exactly. And people have different opinions about the movement. Some think street art is a crime and destroys property. But others see this art as a rich form of non-traditional cultural expression. Many experts say the movement began in New York City in the nineteen sixties. Young adults would use paint in special cans to spray their TAG on walls and train cars around the city. This tag was a name they created to identify themselves and their artwork. This colorful style of writing is also called graffiti. It is visually exciting and energetic.
Graffiti also became a separate movement expressing the street culture of young people living in big cities. Graffiti art represented social and political rebellion. These artists could travel around areas of the city making creative paintings for everyone to see. Sometimes this street art created a dispute between artists and city officials. Graffiti artists created their images and city officials quickly painted over them. During the 1980s, two famous New York painters—Keith Haring and Jean Michel began showing their work in art galleries and museums. This is when street art started to become part of the more general popular culture.
【小題1】What can we infer from the first paragraph?
| A．Street art has become popular and is accepted as a kind of culture. |
| B．Street art is very special compared with other forms of popular art. |
| C．Many people are beginning to learn street art. |
| D．Street art is better developed in big cities than in rural areas. |
| A．TAG was a word created by people to distinguish street artists and the other artists. |
| B．There are three reasons to explain why it is hard to define the history of street art. |
| C．The movement of street art began in the 1980s in New York City. |
| D．Not all the people think that the street art is a rich form of cultural expression. |
| A．they caused arguments between people |
| B．they were ugly in someone’s eyes |
| C．they were not painted under proper guidance |
| D．they didn‘t express good traditional culture. |
| A．The way to become a street artist. |
| B．What does Graffiti art stand for? |
| C．The history of an art movement. |
| D．The work of street artists. |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the learned in the early days of the history, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become popular.
One should be careful, however, of supposing that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is distraction（分散注意力）to others. Examination of reasons connected with the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
The last century saw a gradual increase in literacy（讀寫能力）and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.
Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.
By the end of the century students were being advised to have some new ideas of books and to use skills in reading them which were not proper, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological developments in the century had greatly changed what the term “reading” referred to.
【小題1】Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?
| A．Because silent reading had not been discovered. |
| B．Because there were few places for private reading. |
| C．Because few people could read for themselves. |
| D．Because people depended on reading for enjoyment. |
| A．a(chǎn) change in the position of literate people |
| B．a(chǎn) change in the nature of reading |
| C．a(chǎn)n increase in the number of books |
| D．a(chǎn)n increase in the average age of readers |
| A．the importance of silent reading |
| B．the amount of information provided by books and newspapers |
| C．the effects of reading on health |
| D．the value of different types of reading material |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：單選題
Robert Capa is a name that has for many years been associated with war photography．
Born in Hungary in 1913，Capa was forced to leave his native country after his involvement in anti-government protests．Capa had originally wanted to become a writer，but after his arrival in Berlin he first found work as a photographer．He later left Germany and moved to France and it was here that he changed his name to Robert Capa，mainly because he thought it would sound more American．
In 1936，after the breakout of the Spanish Civil War，Capa went to Spain and it was here that he built his reputation as a war photographer．It was here too in 1936 that he took one of his most famous pictures，The Death of a Loyalist Soldier．One of Capa’s most famous quotes was“If your pictures aren’t good enough，you’re not close enough．”And he took his attitude of getting close to the action to an extreme．His photograph，The Death of a Loyalist Soldier is a prime example of this as Capa captures the very moment the soldier falls．However，many have questioned the reality of this photograph，claiming that it was staged．
When World War II broke out，Capa was in New York，but he was soon back in Europe covering the War for Life magazine．Some of his most famous work was created on 6th June 1944．Capa，armed only with two cameras，took more than one hundred photographs in the first hour of the Normandy landing(諾曼底登陸)，but a mistake in the darkroom during the drying of the film destroyed all but eight frames．It was the images from these frames，however，that inspired the visual style of Steven Spielberg’s Oscar winning movie Saving Private Ryan．
【小題1】Capa originally wanted to be ____________．
| A．a(chǎn) journalist | B．a(chǎn) writer | C．a(chǎn)n American | D．a(chǎn) photographer |
| A．To hide his identity． |
| B．Because he had been involved in protests． |
| C．To sound more American． |
| D．Because he had to leave Hungary． |
| A．fight in the civil war | B．build his reputation |
| C．have a holiday | D．take photographs |
| A．was taken by someone else | B．was definitely real |
| C．wasn’t even taken in Spain | D．cannot be proven real or staged |
| A．most of Capa’s images of the Normandy landing were destroyed |
| B．Capa lost both of his two cameras |
| C．Capa’s images inspired an Oscar winning movie |
| D．only one hundred of Capa’s photographs were published |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Since 2004，Time magazine has six times made a survey to name the l00 most influential people in the world．Only one person has appeared on it for six times, Oprah Winfrey．
Born in l954 in Mississippi，Oprah Winfrey spent her early years living in poverty with her grandmother and later her absent mother, followed by unfair treatment by her unfriendly relatives．Worse still，she was addicted to drugs and at the young age of l4，she gave birth to a baby, who died after a few months．Finally she was sent to live with her strict father in Tennessee. Amazingly though，her father’s rules did make sure she received a good education and finally overcame her problems．
Oprah’s media career began at age l7．She became the co-author of local news in Baltimore in her early 20’s．Her first local talk show, People Are Talking, was first performed in l978，when she was 24．
In l986，Oprah moved to Chicago to host a low-rated half-hour morning talk show, AM Chicago．Oprah talks like a family member in your and my house．Within months she took over，the show became the highest-rated talk show in Chicago．It was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show．
Only two years after hosting the show, she was able to set up her own production company Harpo, and buy the full rights to The Oprah Winfery Show．She is also involved in magazine publishing，books，education and a lifestyle channel for women with the aim of improving people’s lives, inspiring and praising good honest values，making the world a better place for present and future generations．
As her business grew, so did her wealth and power, and she became the first ever black billionaire in 2003 and the most powerful woman in media broadcasting．The amazing influence she has over a large part of the American public means that anything she promotes on her shows is guaranteed to succeed.
【小題1】What do we know about Oprah’s childhood?
| A．She lived with her mother for 14 years． |
| B．She married young and brought up a baby． |
| C．she lacked concern and care． |
| D．She couldn’t stand her father's rules． |
| A．Oprah was very famous in the world． |
| B．Oprah talked in a family way in the show． |
| C．Oprah was the co-author of the show． |
| D．Oprah had the full rights to the show． |
| A．Oprah Winfrey was the most influential woman in America． |
| B．Oprah Winfrey hosted her first local talk show in her 20’s． |
| C．AM Chicago became the highest-rated immediately after Oprah hosted it. |
| D．Oprah Winfrey was the first billionaire in media broadcasting． |
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