Question

12．閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文．
Many students in the colleges and universities are found taking no notice of the waste of water，electricity or paper．
There is a phenomenon which can often be seen in students'public washrooms．A basin of clothes is put under a tap which is turned on at the maximum，and the water in the basin is spilling over，but there is no one in the washroom．The owner of the clothes comes back and pours out half of the water in the basin．
The same thing happens in the use of electricity in the colleges and universities．During supper time，all the lights are turned on．However，there are only several or even no students in the classroom，which can hold over a hundred students．At night，some of the dormitories are locked，but the lights are still on inside．Quite a few students explain themselves that they don't have to pay the extra electricity cost even if they overuse it because they have paid the school fee already．
When typing the exam paper and thesis，many students type the paper only on the one side．Few students type the paper on the both sides．The reason is that they think the price of typing on one side or both sides on a piece of paper is the same．As a result，it causes a large amount of paper waste．
寫作內容
1．以約30個詞概括上文的主要內容．
2．以約120個詞就"節約能源意識"這個話題發表你的看法，內容要點包括：
（1）學生增強節約能源意識的必要性；
（2）你認為生活中如何做到節約能源．
寫作要求
作文中可以使用親身經歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子．
評分標準
概括準確，語言規范，內容合適，語篇連貫．A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．
In my opinion，it is wrong for college students to do so．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．They shouldn't do this even if they pay for it．So it is necessary for us students to enhance the awareness of saving energy．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．
Personally，I think we can save much energy in our daily life．First，we can walk or ride bicycles to school．If schools are too far away from our homes，we can take buses instead of taking private cars or taxis．Second，we should write on both sides of paper．Besides，we can take reusable bags with us when shopping．Fourth，we can save electricity by turning off the lights or other electrical appliances when we sleep or leave the rooms．In addition，we can reuse the water after washing to clean the toilets．
In a word，as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．．

Answer 1

分析 本文是讀寫任務型寫作，這類作文可按照三段式模板寫：第一段：概況所給短文要點．第二段：過渡詞引出主題句---闡述理由．第三段：個人觀點．特別要注意第一段的概括．用自己的語言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 時態用一般現在時．人稱用第一和第三人稱． 重要短語：pay no attention to sth （不注意…），cause sth to be wasted （引起某物被注意），in one's opinion（某人認為），keep on doing （繼續做某事…），even if（即使），enhance the awareness of （增強…的意識），influence ecological balance（影響生態平衡），have an effect on…（對…有影響），turn off…（關掉…），make efforts（努力）．
【高分句型一】
1．A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．
此處是由關系代詞"which"引導的非限制性定語從句，"which"在從句中作主語，指代前面整個主句的內容．
【高分句型二】
2．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．
此處是"It"引導的主語從句，結構為"It be+名詞（短語）+that+從句"．
【高分句型三】
3．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．
此處是由關系代詞"which"引導的定語從句，"which"在從句中作主語，指代前面整個主句的內容．
【高分句型四】
4．as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．
此處是由連詞"as long as"引導的條件狀語從句，意為"只要""a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected"為主句．

解答 A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．【高分句型一】（概括）
In my opinion，it is wrong for college students to do so．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．【高分句型二】They shouldn't do this even if they pay for it．So it is necessary for us students to enhance the awareness of saving energy．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．【高分句型三】（學生增強節約能源意識的必要性）
Personally，I think we can save much energy in our daily life．First，we can walk or ride bicycles to school．If schools are too far away from our homes，we can take buses instead of taking private cars or taxis．Second，we should write on both sides of paper．Besides，we can take reusable bags with us when shopping．Fourth，we can save electricity by turning off the lights or other electrical appliances when we sleep or leave the rooms．In addition，we can reuse the water after washing to clean the toilets．（如何做到節約能源）
In a word，as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．【高分句型四】（個人觀點）

點評 讀寫任務型寫作是將閱讀與寫作有機結合，要求考生既能讀懂文章信息，又要依據要求規范連貫地表達內容，其中準確概括很有挑戰且十分重要，根據記敘文、議論文、說明文等不同文體作相應概括，總的來說，遵循以下步驟：確定主題句；尋找關鍵詞；重構主題句；重組支持句．寫作時注意準確運用時態，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時需注意積累短語和重要句型．