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王維傳

    維，字摩詰，太原人。九歲知屬辭，工草隸，閑音律。岐王重之。維將應舉，岐王謂日：“子詩清越者，可錄數篇，琵琶新聲，能度一曲，同詣九公主第。”維如其言。是日，諸伶擁維獨奏，主問何名，曰：“《郁輪袍》。”因出詩卷。主曰：“皆我習諷，謂是古作，乃子之佳制乎?”延于上座曰：“京兆得此生為解頭，榮哉!”力薦之。開元十九年狀元及第，擢右拾遺，遷給事中。賊陷兩京，駕出幸，維扈從不及，為所擒，服藥稱喑病。祿山愛其才，逼至洛陽供舊職，拘于普施寺。賊宴凝碧池，悉召梨園諸工合樂，維痛悼賦詩日：“萬戶傷心生野煙，百官何日再朝天?秋槐花落空宮里，凝碧池頭奏管弦。”詩聞行在所。賊平后，授偽官者皆定罪，獨維得免。仕至尚書右丞。維詩入妙品上上，畫思亦然。至山水平遠，云勢石色，皆天機所到，非學而能。自為詩云：“當代謬詞客，前身應畫師。”后人評維“詩中有畫，畫中有詩”，信哉。客有以《按樂圖》示維者，曰：“此《霓裳》第三疊最初拍也。”對曲果然。篤志奉佛，蔬食素衣，喪妻不再娶，孤居三十年。別墅在藍田縣南輞川，亭館相望。嘗自寫其景物奇勝，日與文士丘為、裴迪、崔興宗游覽賦詩，琴樽自樂。后表請舍宅以為寺。臨終，作書辭親友，停筆而化。代宗訪維文章，弟縉集賦詩等十卷上之，今傳于世。

下列句中加點詞語的解釋不正確的一項是    (    )

  A.同詣九公主第        詣：到……去。

  B.延于上座日          延：邀請。

  C.對曲果然            對：對照。

  D.嘗自寫其景物奇勝    寫：書寫。

以下各組句子，全都正面表明王維才能的一組是    (    )

  ①九歲知屬辭，工草隸，閑音律    ②京兆得此生為解頭，榮哉

  ③開元十九年狀元及第    ④維詩入妙品上上，畫思亦然

  ⑤至山水平遠，云勢石色，皆天機所到  ⑥后人評維“詩中有畫，畫中有詩”

  A．②③⑤    B．①④⑥    C．①③④    D．②⑤⑥

下列對原文有關內容的分析和概括，不正確的一項是    (    )

  A．王維精通音律，應舉之前，歧王建議他為《詩經》中幾首風格清越的詩譜上琵琶曲，并幫忙推薦給九公主，九公主對王維大加贊揚。 

  B．凝碧池宴樂，叛賊召集梨園諸公合奏樂曲，王維賦詩一首，表達了對叛賊的痛恨，對遭受戰亂的百姓的同情和對朝廷的忠心，因此戰亂后得以免罪。

  C．王維晚年篤信佛教，素食樸衣，在藍田縣南輞川孤居多年，作畫，會友，游覽，賦詩，彈琴，飲酒，自得其樂，從中找到了心靈的最終歸宿。

  D．王維的山水畫構思奇妙，意境空靈遠闊，繪畫的技藝如同得到天機，不是他人能學得來的，連他自己都說“當代謬詞客，前身應畫師”。

LONDON —A British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake (假冒的）bomb detectors (探測器) to 10 years in prison, saying the man hadn’t cared about potentially deadly consequences.

It is believed that James McCormick got about $77. 8 million from the sales of his detectors — which were based on a kind of golf ball finder — to countries including Iraq, Belgium and Saudi Arabia.

McCormick, 57，was convicted (判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London.

“Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people,’’ Judge Richard Hone told McCormick. “You have neither regret, nor shame, nor any sense of guilt.”

The detectors, sold for up to $ 42,000 each, were said to be able to find such dangerous objects as bombs under water and from the air. But in fact they “lacked any grounding in science” and were of no use.

McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya，the prison service in Hong Kong, the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand.

“I never had any bad results from customers,” he said.

39. Why was McCormick sentenced to prison?

A. He sold bombs.                              B. He caused death of people.

C. He made detectors.                              D. He cheated in business.

40. According to the judge, what McCormick had done ________ .

A. increased the cost of safeguarding

B. lowered people’s guard against danger

C. changed people’s idea of social security

D. caused innocent people to commit crimes

41. Which of the following is true of the detectors?

A. They have not been sold to Africa.

B. They have caused many serious problems.

C. They can find dangerous objects in water.

D. They don't function on the basis of science.

42. It can be inferred from the passage that McCormick _________ .

A. sold the equipment at a low price

B. was well-known in most countries

C. did not think he had committed the crime

D. had not got such huge profit as mentioned in the text

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，題材是新聞報道。本文報道了一條賣假冒炸彈探測器的商人被判10年徒刑的新聞。

段落	關鍵詞、句	大意推測
第一部分（Para. 1-3）	McCormick, 57，was convicted of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London	新聞案件的簡介：57歲的McCormick上月被起訴詐騙并于周三在倫敦的Old Bailey court法庭被判刑。
第二部分（Para. 4）	cheating conduct, promoted a false sense of security, contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people	法官宣判：罪犯的欺騙行為增強了人們虛假的安全感并促使導致給無辜百姓帶來死亡和傷害。
第三部分（Para. 5-7）	But in fact they “lacked any grounding in science” and were of no use, sold…to… , never had any bad results	案件細節及當事人的反訴：假冒炸彈探測器被銷往世界各地，但它根本沒有科學依據，也毫無用處。罪犯狡辯假冒產品沒有給用戶帶來任何不良后果。

【解析】

39. D。細節理解題。難度：中等。問題是“為什么McCormick被判刑入獄”。根據問題中的關鍵詞sentenced to prison定位原文第一段。第一段說到McCormick是一位商人，生產了假冒的炸彈探測器，這是一種商業欺騙。選項D和其對應，為正確答案。

40. B。細節理解題。難度：難。問題是“根據法官的說法，McCormick的所為導致了什么樣的結果”。根據問題中的關鍵詞according to the judge定位第四段的第一句：your cheating conduct … promoted a false sense of security and … contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people（你的欺騙行為提高了人們虛假的安全感并助推給無辜百姓帶來死亡和傷害）。由此可見，McCormick的行為讓人們有了安全感，但這種安全并不真實。B “降低了人們防范危險的安全意識”符合此意，為正確答案。

41. D。判斷題。難度：難。問題是“下面哪種說法對探測儀來說是正確的”。

解題思路：根據問題中的關鍵詞detectors，把四個選項具體對應到原文中一處。A對應文章倒數第二段的最后一句he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya，the prison service in Hong Kong, the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand。該句中的Kenya是非洲的肯尼亞，否定了A的說法。B對應第一段第一句“the man hadn’t cared about potentially deadly consequences”，法官只說罪犯沒有關注潛在的致命后果，而不是已經導致嚴重的問題。C對應第五段的第一句話“were said to be able to find such dangerous objects as bombs under water and from the air”提示，探測儀的功能只是據說，而不一定真的具備找到水中危險物品的功能。選項D定位第五段的最后一句“in fact they ‘lacked any grounding in science’ and were of no use可知，這種探測儀沒有科學根據，也毫無用途，和D“沒有科學根據的工作原理”相吻合，故最佳答案是D。

42. D。推理判斷題。難度：中等。

解題思路：返回原文，將選項與原文一一進行比較。

本題主要考查第四段和第七段。A“以低價銷售設備”與原文第四段第一句不符，因為該句提到法官指控McCormick通過賣一些無用的設備來巨額利潤。B“在大多數國家很有名”與文中提到的區區幾個國家和地區Iraq，Belgium，Saudi Arabia，Kenya，Hong Kong，Egypt和Thailand購買他的探測儀不符。C“認為他沒有犯罪”和第七段對應，其中他所說的“I never had any bad results from customers”和C符合，Ｃ是正確答案。Ｄ“他沒有賺取文中提到的那么大利潤”在原文沒有語言根據。

短文改錯

此題要求你對一段文章改錯。先對每一行作出判斷是對還是錯。如果是對的，則在該行右邊的橫線上畫一個勾(√)；如果有錯誤(每行不會多于一個錯誤)，則按情況改錯如下：

此行多一詞：把多余的詞用余線(\)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線把該詞劃掉。

此行缺一詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^)，并在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行如無任何錯誤，則請勿該正。

Making friends is a skill like most skill, it	(1)________
improved with practice. If you want to meet people and	(2)________
make friends, you must be will to take some action. You	(3)________
must go that there are people, you won't make friends	(4)________
staying home alone.
Join a club or group, talking with that who like	(5)________
the same things as you do are much easier. Or join someone	(6)________
in some activity.
Many people are nervers when talking to new people.	(7)________
After all meeting strangers means facing unknown. And it's	(8)________
the human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about strangers.	(9)________
Try to act self-confident (自信) even if you felt that way	(10)________
when you enter a room full of strangers. If you see someone
you'd like to speak to, say something. Don't wait for the other
person to start a conversation.
Making friends will take time and effort. And there are a
lot to do to develop friendship.