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Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth．The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails．The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding．

Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week．In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told．Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium．He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls．

His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists．Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie．Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication．

But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time．People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says．This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone．

People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock．He found many lies are spontaneous（脫口而出） responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate．For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth．But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email．

1.Hancock’s study focuses on _______．

A．the consequences of lying in various communications media

B．the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

C．people are less likely to lie in instant messages

D．people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

2.Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____．

A．people are less likely to lie instant messages

B．people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

C．people are most likely to lie in email communication

D．people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

3.According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

A．They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies

B．They believe that honesty is the best policy

C．They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media

D．They are most practised at those forms of communication

4.It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

A．honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

B．suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

C．more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

D．email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

 

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth．The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails．The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding．
Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week．In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told．Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium．He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls．
His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists．Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie．Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication．
But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time．People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says．This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone．
People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock．He found many lies are spontaneous（脫口而出） responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”
Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate．For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth．But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email．
【小題1】Hancock’s study focuses on _______．

A．the consequences of lying in various communications media

B．the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

C．people are less likely to lie in instant messages

D．people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

【小題2】Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____．

A．people are less likely to lie instant messages

B．people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

C．people are most likely to lie in email communication

D．people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

【小題3】According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

A．They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies

B．They believe that honesty is the best policy

C．They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media

D．They are most practised at those forms of communication

【小題4】It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

A．honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

B．suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

C．more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

D．email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth．The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails．The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding．

       Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week．In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told．Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium．He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls．

       His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists．Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie．Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication．

       But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time．People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says．This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone．

       People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock．He found many lies are spontaneous（脫口而出） responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

       Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate．For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth．But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email．

Hancock’s study focuses on _______．

      A．the consequences of lying in various communications media

      B．the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

      C．people are less likely to lie in instant messages

      D．people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____．

      A．people are less likely to lie instant messages

      B．people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

      C．people are most likely to lie in email communication

      D．people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

      A．They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies

      B．They believe that honesty is the best policy

      C．They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media

      D．They are most practised at those forms of communication

It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

      A．honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

      B．suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

       C．more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

      D．email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

Almost 50 years have passed since one-time beekeeper, Sir Edmund Hillary, became the first man in the world to conquer the world’s highest peak, Mt Everest. In an extraordinarily

   1   exposition （展覽）Auckland Museum pays   2   to this great New Zealander, Sir Edmund Hillary: Everest and Beyond Exhibition at the museum until April 25.

　　Hillary reached Mt Everest’s   3   on May 29, 1953—just in time   4   the Queen’s Conation （加冕典禮）．

　　Now 83 and   5   by New Zealand as its greatest   6   countryman, Sir Edmund, a Knight of the Garter, prefers to be called just   7   Ed. He and his wife June were guests of honor at the exhibition opening in February, coinciding（巧合）with the museum’s 150th birthday.

　　Visitors are   8   into his adventure—packed and charitable world through a

   9   treasure chest of his memorabilia（大事記），from a well-worn passport to the ice

   10   he used to climb that mountain.

　　A Nepalese schoolhouse, kitchen and Buddhist temple have been   11   to show the place he has   12   40 years of his charitable soul and money to   13   the Himalayan Trust, building schools, hospitals and all manner of infrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）in the   14   stricken country.

　　The exhibition also   15   Ed’s climbs in the Southern Alps, a tractor journey he

   16   to the South Pole in 1967 and a trip up the River Ganges by jet boat.   17   the exhibition closes it will go to the United States, to   18   Sir Edmund’s jubilee （50年節(jié)）year,

   19   a celebratory party in London and a   20   with his Sherpa friends in Kathmandu.

　　1．A．simple　　　　　　　　　　  B．large　　　　　　　　   C．detailed 　　　　　　   D．great

　　2．A．attention　　　　　　　　   B．respect　　　　　　    C．admiration 　　　　   D．honor

　　3．A．top　　　　　　　　　　　　  B．pe

ak　　　　　　　　   C．height 　　　　　　　　 D．level

　　4．A．at　　　　　　　　　　　　    B．of　　　　　　　　　　   C．for 　　　　　　　　　　 D．with

　　5．A．looked upon　　　　　　 B．thought about　　  C．looked up 　　　　    D．thought out

　　6．A．living　　　　　　　　　　   B．live　　　　　　　　　　 C．alive 　　　　　　　　   D．lively

　　7．A．short　　　　　　　　　　   B．plain　　　　　　　　   C．as 　　　　　　　　　　   D．for

　　8．A．put　　　　　　　　　　　　  B．poured　　　　　　    C．led 　　　　　　　　　　  D．drawn

　　9．A．clear　　　　　　　　　　    B．dear　　　　　　　　    C．real 　　　　　　　　　　 D．new

　　10．A．knife　　　　  &
n
bsp;　　　　   B．axe　　　　　　　　　　 C．fork 　　　　　　　　    D．spear

　　11．A．recreated　　　　　　    B．recycled　　　　　　  C．recovered 　　　　    D．repaired

　　12．A．spent　　　　　　　　　　 B．taken　　　　　　　　  C．devoted 　　　　　　   D．used

　　13．A．by　　　　　　　　　　　　 B．through　　　　　　   C．for 　　　　　　　　　　 D．from

　　14．A．poverty　　　　　　　　  B．storm　　　　　　　　  C．disaster 　　　　　　   D．earthquakes

　　15．A．covers　　　　　　　　   B．shows　　　　　　　　 C．tells 　　　　　　　　    D．expresses

　　16．A．paid　　　　　　　　　　   B．did　　　　　　　　　　  C．made 　　　　　　　　  D．took

　　17．A．Wh
ile　　　　　　　　　　 B．If　　　　　　　　　　   C．Since 　　　　　　　　  D．When

　　18．A．sign　　　　　　　　　　   B．mark　　　　　　　　   C．design 　　　　　　　　 D．continue

　　19．A．beginning with　　    B．joining in　　　　　　 C．ending up with 　　 D．adding up to

　　20．A．reunion　　　　　　　　  B．repetition　　　　　　 C．review 　　　　　　    D．recovery

 

Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: green and yellow vegetables of all kinds; citrus （柑橘）fruits and tomatoes; potatoes and other fruits and vegetables ; meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; milk and foods made from milk; bread or cereal (谷物), rice is also in this kind of foods; butter or something like butter. 

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first thing is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kind of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

31. According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A. chicken, apples, cereal , cabbages.

B. potatoes, carrots, rice, bread.

C. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes

D. beef, pork, fish , milk

32. It is important for people to eat __________.

A. three times a day

B. dinner at twelve o’clock

C. cooked food all the day

D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day.

33. People in different countries and different places of the world________________.

A. have the right kinds of food to eat

B. cook their food in the same way

C. have their meals at the same time

D. eat food in different ways.

34. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. People in some places don’t have enough to eat.

B. There are too many people in the world.

C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry.

D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.

35. If there is paragraph 4, wh at do you think is going to be talked about?

A. When people eat their lunch.

B. What to do with the two problems.

C. How to cook food in different ways.

D. Why people eat different kinds of food.