19．This month，Germany's transport minister，Alexander Dobrindt，proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles（自主駕駛車輛）．They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost．
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the"death valley"of autonomous vehicles：the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future．
Dobrindt wants three things：that a car always chooses property（財產） damage over personal injury； that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race； and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel-to check email，say-the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash．
"The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，"says Dobrindt．It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers，he says．
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers，consumers and lawyers．"The liability（法律責任） issue is the biggest one of them all，"says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds，UK．
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars，introduced earlier this year，insists that a human"be watchful and monitoring the road"at every moment．
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars．"When you say‘driverless cars'，people expect driverless cars．"Merat says．"You know-no driver．"Because of the confusion，Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation．
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own，says Ryan Calo at Stanford University，California．That is happening in the UK and Singapore，where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched．
That would go down poorly in the US，however．"The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，"says Calo．
12．What does the phrase"death valley"in Paragraph 2 refer to？D
A．A place where cars often break down．
B．A case where passing a law is impossible．
C．An area where no driving is permitted．
D．A situation where drivers'role is not clear．
13．What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars？D
A．It should get the attention of insurance companies．
B．It should be the main concern of law makers．
C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents．
D．It should involve no human responsibility．
14．Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future inC．
A．Singapore B．the UK
C．the US D．Germany
15．What could be the best title for passage？A
A．Autonomous Driving：Whose Liability？
B．Fully Automatic Cars：A New Invention
C．Autonomous Vehicles：Driver Removed
D．Driverless Cars：Root of Road Accidents．
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了有人提出了促進全自動駕駛，但是人們爭論不休自動駕駛是否涉及人的責任．
解答 12---15 DDCA
12．D．詞義猜測題．根據第二段The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the"death valley"of autonomous vehicles：the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future可知死亡谷"指的是交通規則不清楚的情況；故選D．
13．D．細節理解題．根據文章But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars．"When you say‘driverless cars'，people expect driverless cars．"Merat says．"You know-no driver可知消費者認為無人駕駛汽車的操作不該涉及到人的責任；故選D．
14．C．推理判斷題．根據最后一段That would go down poorly in the US，however可知公共交通的無人駕駛車輛在美國沒看到光明的未來；故選C．
15．A．推理判斷題．根據最后一段That would go down poorly in the US，however．"The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，"says Calo可知文章最好的標題是自主駕駛：誰的責任；故選A．
點評 一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題．
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面．閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力．考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質．
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首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等．其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位．此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率．
三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題．
在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節的暗示，推敲作者的態度，理解文章的寓義．要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全．推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等．
四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎．
猜詞是應用英語的重要能力．它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯．我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義．
