A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.
Grimsvotn is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes
Grimsvotn different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川）of ice up to 12 metres thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(層)
of water between glacier and the volcano, keeping it stable. As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(巖漿) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what is happening today.
Now airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM, one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp, glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them eating ash-covered grass or the sharp objects.
1.What makes Grimsvotn different from other volcanoes?
A．It is under the sea. B．Its lava affects the airlines.
C．It is the largest volcano. D．It is below ice.
2.What keeps Grimsvotn still?
A．The slow flow of water.. B．The thick glacier.
C．The water pressure. D．The low water temperature.
3.Which of the following is the result of the volcano eruption?
A．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.
B．Famers have lost many of their animals.
C．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes.
D．People stop traveling in Europe.
4.how many passengers were forced to stay in the airport?
A．thousands of passengers B．hundreds of passengers
C．ten thousands of passengers D．20000 of passengers
1.D
2.C
3.A
4.B
【解析】
試題分析：本文詳細介紹了冰島的火山爆發對歐洲航空業的影響，并解釋了冰島火山的特點。
1.D 細節題。根據第二段第2行What makes Grimsvotn different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川）of ice up to 12 metres thick.說明這座火山的特別之處在于它是在于冰川之下。故D正確。
2.C 細節題。感覺第二段3，4行The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(層)of water between glacier and the volcano, keeping it stable.說明是冰川和火山之間的水壓讓冰山很穩定，故C正確。
3.A 細節題。根據文章最后一段The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp, glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them eating ash-covered grass or the sharp objects.說明四處落下的火山灰讓動物不能吃外面的草等食物了。故A正確。
4.B 細節題。根據第一段最后一句leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.
說明B正確。
考點：考查新聞報告類短文
點評：本文屬于新聞報告類短文，考查的細節題仍然較多，要注意文本內容的理解。關鍵是找出原文的根據，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據，完成閱讀。
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小學生10分鐘應用題系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.
Grirmsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川） of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer（層）of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava（巖漿） from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.
Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM. one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash- covered grass to the sharp object.
What keeps Grimsvom still?
A. The slow flow of water B. The low water temperature
C. The thick glacier D. The water pressure
Which of the following is true?
A. People stop traveling in Europe
B. Airlines suffer from the loss of planes
C. It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside
D. Farmers have lost many of their animals
This text is most probably taken from_______________.
A. a research paper B. a newspaper report
C. a class presentation D. a geography textbook.
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第二節簡答題（共3小題；每小題1.5分，滿分4.5分）
Tsunamis (海嘯) are a series of huge waves created by an underground movement such as an earthquake or a volcanic eruption (火山噴發) . A tsunami can travel hundreds of miles per hour in the open ocean and hit the land with huge waves.
From the area where the tsunamis come, waves travel in all directions. Once the waves approach the coast, they will become more than 100 feet in height. The topography (地形) of the coastline and the ocean floor will influence the size of the wave. There may be more than one wave and the latter one may be larger than the one before. That is why a small tsunami at one beach can be a huge wave a few miles away.
All tsunamis are dangerous, even if they may not damage every coastline they strike. A tsunami can strike anywhere along most of the US coastline. Many harmful tsunamis have occurred along the coasts of California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska and Hawaii.
A movement of the ocean floor, caused by earthquakes, most often causes tsunamis. If a tsunami occurs close to a coast, the first wave could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before a warning is given. Areas are at greater risk if they are less than 25 feet above sea level and within a mile of the coastline. Drowning is the most common cause of death during a tsunami. Tsunami waves are very harmful to buildings. Other dangers include floods, pollution of drinking water, and fires from gas lines.
An accurate prediction (預報) system will allow authorities (官方) to issue timely warnings and save lives in the event of a shore-bound tsunami. But forecasting tsunamis accurately is very difficult because the ocean is usually calm before they strike land.
65. What can cause tsunamis according to the passage? ( 回答詞數不超過6個 )
______________________________________________________________________________
66. What harm can a tsunami bring besides killing people and damaging buildings? ( 回答詞數不超過15個 )
______________________________________________________________________________
67. Why is it very difficult to forecast tsunami accurately ? ( 回答詞數不超過9個 )
______________________________________________________________________________
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A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.
Grimsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier(冰川) of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(層)of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(巖漿) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.
Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. according to KLM, one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash—covered grass to the sharp object.
1.What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes?
|
A．It is below ice. |
|
B．It lies under the sea |
|
C．It is the largest volcano |
|
D．It is lava affects the airlines |
2.What keeps Grimsvom still?
|
A．The slow flow of water. |
|
B．The low water temperature. |
|
C．The thick glacier. |
|
D．The water pressure. |
3.Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption?
|
A．People stop traveling in Europe. |
|
B．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes. |
|
C．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside. |
|
D．Farmers have lost many of their animals. |
4.This text is most probably taken from________.
|
A．a research paper |
|
B．a newspaper report |
|
C．a class presentation |
|
D．a geography textbook |
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WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.
Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.
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Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."
1. The text is mainly about .
A. the effect of volcanic ash
B. the health risk of volcanic ash
C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash
D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash
2. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?
A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.
B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.
C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.
D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.
3. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means .
A. amazing B. practical C. valuable D. overstated
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.
B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.
C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.
D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.
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簡答題（共3小題；每小題1.5分，滿分4.5分）
Tsunamis (海嘯) are a series of huge waves created by an underground movement such as an earthquake or a volcanic eruption (火山噴發) . A tsunami can travel hundreds of miles per hour in the open ocean and hit the land with huge waves.
From the area where the tsunamis come, waves travel in all directions. Once the waves approach the coast, they will become more than 100 feet in height. The topography (地形) of the coastline and the ocean floor will influence the size of the wave. There may be more than one wave and the latter one may be larger than the one before. That is why a small tsunami at one beach can be a huge wave a few miles away.
All tsunamis are dangerous, even if they may not damage every coastline they strike. A tsunami can strike anywhere along most of the US coastline. Many harmful tsunamis have occurred along the coasts of California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska and Hawaii.
A movement of the ocean floor, caused by earthquakes, most often causes tsunamis. If a tsunami occurs close to a coast, the first wave could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before a warning is given. Areas are at greater risk if they are less than 25 feet above sea level and within a mile of the coastline. Drowning is the most common cause of death during a tsunami. Tsunami waves are very harmful to buildings. Other dangers include floods, pollution of drinking water, and fires from gas lines.
An accurate prediction (預報) system will allow authorities (官方) to issue timely warnings and save lives in the event of a shore-bound tsunami. But forecasting tsunamis accurately is very difficult because the ocean is usually calm before they strike land.
65. What can cause tsunamis according to the passage? ( 回答詞數不超過6個 )
66. What harm can a tsunami bring besides killing people and damaging buildings? ( 回答詞數不超過15個 )
67. Why is it very difficult to forecast tsunami accurately ? ( 回答詞數不超過9個 )
查看答案和解析>>
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