How China's North-south Divide Has Influence on (71)Shaping Personality | |
(72)Difference(s)/Distinction(s) in personality | China's northerners (73)feed (live) on noodles,and they are thought of as hale,hearty and taller with more(74)independence and"analytic thought"as well as higher divorce rates. On the contrary,the southerners prefer eating rice and have more"holistic thought"and lower divorce rates. |
Reasons | •Planting rice needs twice more (75)labor than planting wheat. •Cultivating rice relies on irrigation system that requires neighbors to (76)cooperate well. •If you are over independent,you might (77)starvein the south. •If you are (78)lacking (weak) in labor power,it is best to grow wheat in the north. |
The Research | •The attitudes of 1162Han Chinese students were evaluated. •Other unrelated factors like climate,dialect and herding cultures were carefully (79)controlled. •The result shows the influence of rice cultivation can result in more cooperation and explain East Asia's"strangely persistent interdependence". |
Another (80)similar(related,relevant) observation | Malcolm Gladwell also found the influence crops have on culture in his 2008book"Outliers". |
分析 本文講述了南北差異以及差異產生的原因.南北差異體現在飲食文化、人物性格、人物形態、傳統習俗等方面.而差異產生的原因主要是因為南方種植水稻,北方種植小麥.所以南方人吃米,北方人吃面.另一方面,種植水稻需要互相合作,而種植小麥則不需要.所以北方人更加獨立.
解答 71.Shaping 72.Difference(s)/Distinction(s) 73.feed (live) 74.independence 75.labor 76.cooperate 77.starve 78.lacking (weak) 79.controlled 80.similar(related,relevant)
71.Shaping塑造,考查細節歸納.根據文中的第一段內容可知,本文講述的是"中國南北分裂對性格塑造的影響".故填"Shaping".
72.Difference(s)/Distinction(s)差異,考查細節歸納.根據表格該行后面的內容可知,本行是講述南北方人物性格方面的差異.故填"Difference(s)/Distinction(s)差異".
73.feed (live)喂養,考查細節理解.根據"The north eats noodles"可知,北方人吃面,是以面為食.feed on以…為食,故填"feed喂養".
74.independence獨立,考查細節理解.根據"China's noodle-slurping northerners are more independent"可知,北方人更加獨立.故填"independence獨立".
75.labor勞動力,考查細節理解.根據"They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates,twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation"可知,種植水稻比種植小麥要多花一倍的勞動力.故填"labor勞動力".
76.cooperate合作,考查細節理解.根據"They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates,twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation"可知,種植水稻依賴于灌溉系統,這需要鄰居們進行良好的合作.故填"cooperate合作".
77.starve餓死,考查細節理解.我們知道,種植水稻依賴于灌溉系統,這需要鄰居們進行良好的合作.所以說太過獨立的人,在南方就會餓死.故填"starve餓死".
78.lacking (weak)缺乏,考查細節理解.根據"if one is short of labor power,it is best to grow wheat"可知,如果一個人缺乏勞動力,最好種植小麥.故填"lacking (weak)缺乏".
79.controlled控制,考查細節理解.根據"To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south-such as climate,dialect and contact with herding cultures",可知該項研究控制了其他不相關的變量,故填"controlled控制".
80.similar(related,relevant)相關的,考查細節歸納.根據表格該行后面的內容可知,本行是講述其他相關的觀察報告.故填"similar(related,relevant)相關的".
點評 該題考查學生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力及概況歸納能力,要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系,對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷;或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點,從而概括出關鍵詞.
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