Question

【題目】閱讀理解
Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收縮) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: “Our Study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see一and guide whether we see fear.”
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.
“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,” Dr Garfinkel said.
“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”
（1）What is the finding of the study?
A.One’s heart affects how he feels fear.
B.Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.
C.Fear has something to do with one’s health.
D.One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
（2）The study was carried out by analyzing.
A.volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C.volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans
D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication
（3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?
A.Order.
B.System.
C.Machine.
D.Treatment.
（4）This study may contribute to.
A.treating anxiety and stress better.
B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C.finding the key to the heart-brain communication
D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了心臟與恐懼的關系。通過兩次試驗，研究者發現這兩者之間的關系，同時借助這一發現，研究者希望能夠減輕或者治療恐懼和壓力所帶來的諸多問題。
（1）考查細節理解。根據第一段中的”Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.“可以選A。
（2）考查細節理解。根據第四段中的”The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.“以及第五段中的”To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.“可知選C。
（3）考查詞義猜測。根據第六段中的”by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,"可知大腦和心臟對話來改變我們的感覺和減少恐懼，這是一個系統，選B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根據最后一段中的"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."可知這個研究可以導致更好的治療焦慮和壓力。故選A。