Question

8．Environmental health is defined as the control of the factors （因素） in the environment that may have harmful effects on people's physical，mental，or social well-being （安樂）．Because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment，effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance．
The environmental health measures that must be considered after a natural disaster include the supply of appropriate shelter for individuals or groups of people left homeless，the distribution （分配） of safe and accessible water，and the protection and distribution of safe food products and so on．
To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster，it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs．During an emergency，success largely depends on making good，rapid judgment and appropriate response measures．High-level decision makers，therefore，must be familiar with sound measures beforehand and should be given an accurate judgment of the disaster's specific effects as quickly as possible．
This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes．The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency．However，each natural disaster is unique in the degree or type of emergency．In response to any given disaster，decision makers may find it necessary to change the priority assigned to any particular measure．

28．Why is it significant to take effective measures after a natural disaster？D
A．Victims may be at stake without immediate controls．
B．Victims may be at the risk of losing their properties．
C．Victims may be exposed to poisonous or radioactive minerals．
D．Victims may be threatened by environmental health problems．
29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？A
A．Good preparation beforehand is vital．
B．Rapid judgment is quite beneficial．
C．Effective measures sound familiar．
D．Slow responses sound ineffective．
30．Whom is the book mainly written for？C
A．A research quite into environment health．
B．An organizer to handle domestic disastrous situations．
C．A possible decision-maker to handle a disaster emergency．
D．A holidaymaker fond of the topic of effective management．
31．What does the underlined word"priority"in Paragraph 4 refer to？B
A．Perfection．
B．Preference．
C．Possibility．
D．Popularity．

Answer 1

分析 文章介紹一本在災難之后采取環境措施的指南用書．

解答 28．D．細節理解題．根據文章第一段的句子"because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment，effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance"可知，自然災害之后采取有效措施是重要的，因為受害者可能會被環境問題威脅．故選D．
29．A．段落大意題．根據文章第三段的句子"To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster，it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs．"可知，第三段介紹提前做好準備是至關重要的．故選A．
30．C．細節理解題．根據文章第四段的句子"This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes．"可知，這本書主要是寫給處理環境緊急事件的可能的決策者．故選C．
31．B．細節理解題．根據文章的句子"The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency．"推薦的環境健康措施是以在緊急事件中采取的措施的優先順序排列的．可知，"priority"意為"優先考慮的事情"．故選B．

點評 考察學生的細節理解和推理判斷能力，做細節理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．