Question

Sons who have fond childhood memories of their fathers are more likely to be emotionally stable（穩定的） in the face of day-to-day stresses, according to psychologists（心理學家） who studied hundreds of adults of all ages.

“As our study shows, fathers do play a unique（獨特的） and important role in the mental health of their children much later in life,” Psychology professor Melanie Mallers of California State University said.

For this study, 912 adult men and women between the ages of 25 and 74 completed short daily telephone interviews about that day’s experiences over an eight-day period. The interviews focused on the participants’ psychological and emotional distress (i.e., whether they were nervous, sad, etc.) and if they had experienced any stressful events that day.

The participants were also required to answer questions such as, “How would you rate your relationship with your mother during the years when you were growing up?” and “How much time and attention did your mother give you when you needed it?” The same questions were asked about fathers.

People who reported they had a good mother-child relationship reported three percent less psychological distress（憂慮） compared to those who reported a poor relationship, according to Mallers.

Men who reported having a good relationship with their father during childhood were more likely to be less emotional when reacting to stressful events in their current daily lives than those who had a poor relationship, according to her findings.

Also, the quality of mother and father relationships was significantly associated（有關） with how many stressful events the participants faced on a daily basis. In other words, if they had a poor childhood relationship with both parents, they reported more stressful incidents over the eight-day study when compared to those who had a good relationship with their parents.

Mallers theorized why healthy or unhealthy relationships may have an effect on how people handle stress as adults. “Perhaps having caring parents equips children with the experiences and skills necessary to more successfully navigate（導航） their relationships with other people throughout childhood and into adulthood.” She said.

1.What can we know about the recent study from the passage?

  A It was led by Melanie Mallers.

  B 912 adults who were over twenty-five joined in it.

  C It lasted as long as eight days.

  D It was funded just by California State University.

2.Which of the following may the participants be asked about in telephone interviews?

  A Their physical condition.      B Their parenting（育兒） skills.

  C Their emotional distress and stressful events.

  D Their childhood relationships with teachers.

3.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  A Many people with good parent-child relationships still can’t keep emotionally stable in stressful incidents.

  B Men with a good mother-child relationship were more likely to be emotionally stable when reacting to stressful events.

  C Women were better at getting along with their parents than men when they were young.

  D People with good childhood relationships with parents suffered（遭受） fewer stressful incidents.

4.What can be concluded from the findings of the study?

  A Childhood memories of parents have a lasting effect on one’s ability to handle stress.

  B Adults with good childhood relationships with parents will live happily and successfully.

  C The mother-child relationship is more important than the father-child relationship.

  D The quality of parent-child relationships determines（決定） how people handle stress as adults.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.C

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】略