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閱讀理解

  Francis Bacon, one of the most important philosophers(哲人)of England, was born in London and educated at Cambridge University.When he was only 15,he went to France to work for the English ambassador(大使).Two years later he went back to England to study law.At the age of twenty-three he was chosen to parliament(議會).His ideas about how scientists should study things in nature help to bring the modern way of thinking, called the scientific method.

  One of the Bacon’s best-known books was his Essays.Each essay was a short piece of writing in which he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends and healthy living.In many of his books, Bacon explained how scientists should study things as they really existed in nature and then tried to figure out what caused a particular thing to be as it was.Later, by doing experiments, the scientist could see that any cause would always have the same result.This method, which is called inductive reasoning, is used by all the scientists today, but it was new in Bacon’s time.

(1)

According to the passage we know that ________.

[  ]

A.

Francis Bacon was the most important philosopher of England

B.

Francis Bacon had good education

C.

Francis Bacon worked for a French ambassador at the age of 15

D.

Francis Bacon stayed in France until he was 23

(2)

It can be known that Francis Bacon was famous for ________.

[  ]

A.

inventing the scientific method of studying things in nature

B.

his books

C.

his Essays

D.

being a member of parliament

(3)

His essay gave many useful lessons on ________.

[  ]

A.

studying

B.

conversation

C.

friends and healthy living

D.

all of the above

(4)

The underlined phrase “inductive reasoning” in the last paragraph means ________.

[  ]

A.

to discover general laws from particular facts or examples

B.

to reach a conclusion by reasoning from general laws to a particular case

C.

to study things as they used to be

D.

to study things in a particular way

答案:1.B;2.B;3.D;4.A;
提示:

(1)

根據(jù)第一段第一句可知,培根是在劍橋大學(xué)接受的教育,可知他受過良好的教育。

(2)

由短文第二段的第一句“One of the Bacon best known books was his Essays.”可知培根因他的書籍而出名,而Essays只是他著名書籍中的一本。

(3)

由第二段的“Each essay was a short piece of writing in which he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends and healthy living.”可得出答案。

(4)

本題為詞義猜測題。詞義猜測題應(yīng)根據(jù)其上下文的意思來猜測生詞或詞組的意思。本題可由該詞組所在句的上句“Later, by doing experiments, the scientist could see that any cause would always have the same result.”得出答案。


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科目:高中英語 來源:2010年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試、英語(重慶卷) 題型:050

閱讀理解

  Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own.We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole socicties beyond our everyday lives.

  This sense of wonder is universal look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想)litcrature or movies like The lord of the Rings, This sense of wonder drous us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe.But have we gone to far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the phcasure of other worlds that alrewly exist all around us?

  Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms, However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lices.In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children bye age eight were much more familiar with hurmans for television shows and cideo games than with common wildlife.Without modern technology ,a amall pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals.When we lack meaningful interaction(交互)with the world around us, and sometimes ecen with our families and friends , we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen

  The world of make-believe is not neccsanly bad, But when the world of famsity becomes the only outlet(出路)our sense of wonder ,then we are really missing something, We are missing a connection with the living world.Other wonderful worderful worlds exist all around us.But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough ,we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense , are really part of our own.

(1)

The popularity of The Lord of the rings proves ________

[  ]

A.

the close connestion between man and the fantasy world

B.

the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature

C.

the fine taste of moviegoers around the world

D.

the general existence of the sense of curiosity

(2)

What can we infer from the underlineed sentence in Paragraph 3?

[  ]

A.

People are fra less familiar with the world of fantasy.

B.

The world around us could serve as a sound of wonder.

C.

The world of fantasy can be mirred by a small and lively pond.

D.

Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.

(3)

If our sense of wonder relics totally on the world of make-believe.we will ________.

[  ]

A.

fail to appreciate the joy in our lives

B.

be confused by the world of make-believe

C.

miss the chance to recognizc the fantas world

D.

be tranped by other worlds exsting all around us

(4)

What is the main purpose of the passage?

[  ]

A.

To show us the hidden beauty in our world.

B.

To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy wonder

C.

To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder

D.

To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe

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