Question

 

     AThe three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establishment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum(課程) consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry.?

The academy began in the early 1750’s with Benjamin Franklin’s school in Philadelphia, which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school was late in developing and where the academy continued to be a principal means of secondary education even after 1900.The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than what the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values are evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy has never been considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be.?

The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827,the state enacted(制定)the first state wide public high　school law in the United States. By 1840,there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in other eastern states by 1850,they could also be found in many other states. Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a repudiation(推翻) of the aristocratic(貴族的)and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890,enrollments( 入學)in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.

1.According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the schools developed?

       A．Latin grammar school, public high school, academy.

B．Latin grammar school, academy, public high school.

C．Public high school, Latin grammar school, academy.

D．Public high school, academy, Latin grammar school.

2.It is the opinion of the author that the academy, compared with the public high school, was ____.

A．obviously academically better

B．more discriminatory in student selection

C．coeducational

D．not generally considered as a public institution

3.One can probably infer from his article that “Latin grammar school” refers to ____.

A．the Boston Free Latin School

B．all the elementary schools in the United States

C．schools which taught Latin, exclusive of all other subjects

D．a number of schools which developed in New England

4.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ____.

A．European educational systems are not good

B．As high schools developed in the united states, the decision was made to make them responsible to people from all classes of society.

C．There was an aristocratic and selective principle in the European educational tradition

D．public high schools in the United States embraced the European educational tradition

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.選B。題句的問題是根據文章選擇學校出現的次序，按照文章，拉丁語法學校，專科 院校和公立高中出現的時間分別是1635年，1750年，1821年，故B為正確選項。?

2.選D。題句的問題對公共高校和專科院校進行比較，文章第二段末指出專科院校從未像公共高校那樣看作是公共機構，故D為正確選項。?

3.選A。文章的開頭指出拉丁語學校開始于英格蘭的1635年建立的波士頓免費拉丁學校，所以A為正確選項。?

4.選C。文章最后指出，公立高中是對貴族的和歐洲教育傳統有選擇的特權的推翻，說明存在貴族的和有選擇特權的歐洲教育傳統，A，B，D項的內容文章中沒有涉及，故C為正確選項。?