Question

閱讀理解 　　South African surgeons have carried out the world’s first organ transplant(移植)from one HIV-positive person to another, in a groundbreaking operation that opens the way to saving thousands of lives．The South African government previously hadn’t allowed HIV-positive people to receive transplants or to donate organs-a policy criticized by some people in the medical establishment of a country where one in five adults is HIV-positive． 　　But the policy was ended last year, opening the way for more operations, and possibly giving HIV-positive patients a greater chance of receiving new kidneys(腎臟)than those not infected(感染)with the Aids virus, because there are more potential donors．(捐贈者) 　　"HIV patients are at a disadvantage when it comes to getting an organ and dialysis(透析)．Even when we try to be fair, they are at a disadvantage competing with people with no chronic illness," she said．"This study opens up an opportunity to help them, even gives them a slight advantage, because of the high number of HIV-positive donors．" 　　According to Miller, if the kidney transplants were successful in the long term it would open the way to the use of other organs such as livers, which are particularly vulnerable because anti – AIDS drugs can easily damage them． 　　However, the transplants remain controversial(有爭議的)because they almost certainly mean that the recipient will become infected with the virus strain that infected the donor, which may be different from the one they carry and increase their resistance(抵抗)to anti-Aids drugs． 　　There are also concerns that HIV-positive organs could themselves have been damaged by the disease, making them less durable as transplants． 　　But news of the transplants has brought new hope to many．Dr June Fabian, a consultant nephrologist at Johannesburg hospital, said some of her HIV-positive patients stood to benefit from accepting HIV-positive organs． (1) What is the passage mainly about? [　　] A． The disadvantaged HIV-positive patients in South Africa． B． The world’s concern for patients with AIDS in South Africa． C． The world’s first heart transplant in South African． D． The world’s first kidney transplant is between HIV-positive patients． (2) From Paragraph 2 and 3 we learn that ________． [　　] A． research on AIDS treatments is making progress in South Africa B． HIV-positive patients are ignored in South Africa by the government C． the status of HIV－positive patients in South Africa is better now D． HIV－positive organ transplants are forbidden in South Africa (3) The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________． [　　] A． sensitive B． weak C． lasting D． narrow (4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? [　　] A． There are an increasing number of HIV – positive patients in South Africa． B． Organ transplants may increase the patients’ resistance to anti-AUDS drugs, C． The successful organ transplant is helpful for the treatment of AIDS． D． HIV-negative people will have a greater chance of receiving new kidneys in South Africa．

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．C;3．B;4．B;