根據材料并結合所學知識回答問題 。（15分）
材料一 在美國憲法的制定過程中，一些政治家認為，“人民”和“人民的代表”（國會）是不同的；“人民”高于“人民的代表”；“由人民制定、政府不能更改的”憲法高于“由政府制定、政府能夠更改的”普通法律；國會的立法如果違憲，“自然不能使之生效”。根據這些理論，最高法院有權審查國會立法和總統行政命令是否符合憲法。但是，1787年美國憲法沒有相關規定，即未建立起司法審查制度。在初期美國政府中，既無財權、軍權又無民意基礎的最高法院的地位明顯低于總統和國會。
——摘編自（美）漢密爾頓等《聯邦黨人文集》
材料二 1803年，最高法院對“馬伯里訴麥迪遜案”做出判決：法院不能行使憲法沒有授予的權力，國會通過的立法如果違背憲法則無效。該判例確立了最高法院有權審查國會立法或總統行政命令是否違憲的司法審查制度，從而使最高法院足以與國會或總統相制衡。
——摘編自（美）伯納德 施瓦茨《美國法律史》
（1）根據材料一并結合所學知識，概括美國創立司法審查制度的理論基礎。（7分）
（2）根據材料一、二并結合所學知識，說明“馬伯里訴麥迪遜案”對于美國民主制度的影響。（8分）
科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2016-2017學年高一下學期三調考試英語試卷 題型：完形填空
One day I was walking to the mailbox with my dad,when I saw something drop from a tree.I couldn't____what it was,so I kept my eyes on the spot as we came near.It was a baby bird,which had fallen from its nest.It had long, awkward wings and feet,and____that fought to stay open.It was____,so I sat next to it watching while my dad got the mail.I____its nest and mother,____what would happen to it.
My dad said we had to____it;there was nothing we could do.He said if the bird mother smelled any traces（蹤跡）of____,she wouldn't go near the____again.
As we began to walk away,a woman____."Did it fall out of a nest?"she asked.
"Yeah."I answered.
"It____a lot.Not much we can do,"she said."Try not to think about it when you go to sleep tonight."
I walked____the mailbox the next day.The baby bird lay____in the grass.
I realize that "Try not to think about it" is the____of many people towards things which____to provide them with perfect excuses____not bothering.The woman wasn't being____;she was actually quite nice.But when everyone says "there's____I can do—just try not to think about it,"where will we finally____?When billions of people____try not to think about it when they go to bed at night,there might be millions of fallen birds lying dead and____in the grass the next morning.
1.A. say B. talk C. speak D. tell
2.A. eyes B. arms C. feathers D. claws
3.A. bored B. stupid C. lovely D. clever
4.A. turned back B. stared at C. pointed to D. looked for
5.A. suggesting B. deciding C. wondering D. finding
6.A. help B. leave C. catch D. kill
7.A. children B. humans C. animals D. insects
8.A. tree B. grass C. baby D. person
9.A. returned B. interrupted C. approached D. left
10.A. happens B. cries C. suffers D. changes
11.A. from B. beyond C. past D. into
12.A. asleep B. dead C. still D. alive
13.A. attitude B. feeling C. consideration D. understanding
14.A. fail B. prove C. refuse D. seem
15.A. from B. of C. about D. for
16.A. cruel B. kind C. silly D. friendly
17.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything
18.A. start out B. come from C. settle down D. end up
19.A. possibly B. simply C. particularly D. luckily
20.A. forgotten B. buried C. eaten D. remembered
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科目：高中英語 來源：甘肅省2016-2017學年高二上學期期末考試英語試卷 題型：書面表達
美國學生Jim即將作為一名交換生到中國來學習。李先生一家是他約定好的住宿家庭（homestay）。請以Jim的名義給李先生寫一封信，要點如下：
選擇homestay的原因：
1．體驗中國文化，了解中國，了解世界；
2．喜歡中國飲食健康；
個人要求：
1．準備獨立的房間；
2．允許一家一起用早餐、晚餐（周一到周五）。
注意：
1．詞數100字左右；
2．文章的開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數；
3．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
Dear Mr Li,
I am very glad to be a guest of your family. Thank you for accepting me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Jim
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科目：高中英語 來源：山西省太原市2017屆高三第三次模擬英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
Dear Parents:
I’m delighted that you are considering the British International School for your children’s education. Our school offers first class international education delivered by experienced, highly qualified and professional staff.
We aim to provide a high quality British-style education characterized by:
The arrangement of the English National Curriculum to meet the needs of international and local students and offering an insight into the local culture.
High quality teaching provided by international and local staff.
A broad personal development of students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect.
A recognition of the school-parent partnership in the successful education of the children.
An acknowledge that all students are individuals who deserve an environment to help realize their academic and other potential, thereby preparing them for their chosen continued education and career.
A safe, caring, happy and stimulating environment benefiting from high quality facilities.
Our school provides an effective framework for education through a broad, balanced, and monitored curriculum. As students advance through the school, we ensure that their needs are met through progressive teaching and learning. Although our curriculum is based upon the National Curriculum for England, it is adapted as appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body. Thus, we strive for the development of transferable skills through the years of school, as well as the acquisition of a broad body of knowledge.
Students are given opportunities to develop many skills. These include skills in language, in science, technology and mathematics, in the aesthetic(審美的) and creative fields of music, drama and art, and in physical education.
We insist that students act in a responsible manner toward all members of society. Throughout the school, students are taught to distinguish between right and wrong and show consideration for others. The qualities of honesty, kindness and good manners are always encouraged. Our friendly atmosphere provides a secure and happy environment in which children can grow and flourish as Individuals and valued members of the school family.
1.What do you think the author is?
A. A school principal
B. An exchange student.
C. An assistant professor
D. An experienced lecturer.
2.Why does the school change its curriculum when necessary?
A. To develop some good students’ skills.
B. To meet the needs of different students.
C. To offer an insight into the local culture.
D. To help students realize their potential.
3.Which of the following about the students is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Manners
B. Self-discipline
C. Qualities.
D. Independence.
4.What is the purpose of the passage?
A. The author thinks schools and parents play an important role in teaching.
B. The author is stressing that responsibility is the most important thing for a student.
C. The author is encouraging more parents to send their children to this school.
D. The author implies students become valued people without a friendly atmosphere.
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2016-2017學年高二（承智班）下學期5.21周練英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
ARLANDA, Sweden （Reuters Life!）—Many people hate the idea of having to sleep on a plane. But Swedish entrepreneur Oscar Dios thinks they can be persuaded otherwise and he has created a new kind of hostel to prove it.
Dios says it is the world’s first jumbo （unusually large） jet hostel, an actual jet-plane at Sweden’s main airport outside Stockholm which has been changed into a 25- room guesthouse that sleeps as many as 72 people.
“I learned about this plane that was standing deserted at Arlanda airport and I’ve been trying the concept of hostels in many different houses and buildings,” he told Reuters. “I thought, ‘Why not a plane?’”
Jumbo Hostels opened for business on Thursday, giving customers the chance to check in and sleep in a room that can best be described as comfortable.”
“The most challenging part with this project is trying to build something inside a metal hull（殼） – it’s just really, really tight.”
The jet, which was originally produced for Singapore Airlines, was taken out of service in 2002. It is held on a concrete foundation with the landing gear secured in steel cradles.
One feature of the hostel is its price – a room starts at 350 Swedish crowns （about $ 41）, which is a lot less than hotel rooms outside of major airports.
Another feature is that customers can get married on the wing of the plane and stay in the plane’s more luxurious honeymoon suite （套房）.
Instead of walking down the aisle in the church, lovebirds can take what Jumbo Hostels calls the “wing walk,” where they can be joined in great happiness at the wing tip. The hostel has someone ready to perform the ceremony.
But in some respects this hostel remains a plane – most customers have to share the jet’s nine bathrooms and the staff only wear air host and hostess outfits. The only room that has its own bathroom is the honeymoon suite.
1.Which of the following is not true?
A. The jet plane was out of use for over eight years
B. The hostel provides ten bathrooms for customers
C. The rooms in the hotel are comfortable
D. The hostel lies at Arlanda airport in Stockholm
2.One of the features of the plane hostel is that .
A. air hostesses can offer good service
B. a wedding ceremony can be held on the wing
C. customers can sleep in comfortable rooms
D. the staff can have a “wing walk”
3.Why does Oscar Dios make jet plane hotel?
A. Because he is fond of plane very much.
B. Because he is very curious
C. Because he wants to earn more money.
D. Because he likes trying the concept of hotel in many different things.
4.The writer mainly wants to .
A. call on people to make use of the deserted things
B. describe a wonderful place for weddings
C. introduce a new kind of hostel
D. prove people can sleep on a plane
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017年全國普通高等學校招生統一考試歷史（海南卷正式版） 題型：選擇題
俄國蘇維埃政權建立后至1940年間，一段時間內經濟進入停滯狀態，工業和生活用品的生產極度萎縮，可耕地面積縮減，糧食不斷減產，牲畜大幅度減少。這一時期是
A．二月革命時期 B．國內戰爭時期
C．農業集體化時期 D．德軍入侵時期
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017年全國普通高等學校招生統一考試歷史（海南卷正式版） 題型：選擇題
1927年，一位國民黨領導人說：“現在可有一種危險，是國民黨差不多專做上層的工作，中央黨部、國民政府都是國民黨的同志多。至于下層的民眾運動，國民黨員參加的少，共產黨員參加的多，因此形成一種畸形的發展。”由此可知，當時
A．工農運動決定戰爭走向 B．國民革命運動已經失敗
C．國共合作存在分裂隱患 D．國民黨開始重視工農運動
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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省鹽城市阜寧縣2016-2017學年高一下學期期中考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
From self-driving cars to deep sea explorers, more and more of humans’ tasks are being taken over by robots. But technology doesn’t stop there. In mid-August, reported the BBC, scientists from Cambridge University developed a robotic system that meant a robot could “build other robots, each one better than the previous(以前的) generation”.
The BBC noted that “those concerned about machines taking over the world shouldn’t worry”.
However, over 1,000 scientists and numerous artificial intelligence (AI, 人工智能) researchers－including UK astrophysicist Stephen Hawking and Apple cofounder Steve Wozniak of the US-brought the danger of fully autonomous weapons(自主武器), known as “killer robots”, to our attention earlier this summer.
“If any major military(軍事的) power pushes ahead with AI weapon development, a global arms race is inevitable(不可避免的),” warned an open letter released at the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Unlike drones(無人機), which need a human hand, this kind of robot would have some decision-making abilities and the ability to act by itself. While what the BBC called these “solders that never sleep” could help reduce battlefield deaths, they might also make countries more likely to go into battle, which would lead to more deaths overall, noted the scientists. The risks, they said, could be far greater than those posed by nuclear weapons.
Scientists called for a “ban on offensive(攻擊性的) autonomous weapons beyond meaningful human control”, reported The Huffington Post.
In fact, in an interview with the BBC in 2014, Hawking warned that the “development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race”.
And according to the BBC, many leading thinkers have been thinking about the AI-powered killing machine of the not-too-distant future. “Killer robots could be here within years, not decades,” as Stuart Russell, professor of computer science at UC Berkeley, US, put it.
Authorities are gradually waking up to the risk of robot wars. Last May, for the first time, the United Nations brought governments together to begin talks on so-called killer robots in a hope of stopping such weapons while there is still time.
Meanwhile, there are scientists who are less worried. They believe all technologies have potential(潛力) for being used for good and evil ends, and argue that the ban called for by the open letter could close the door to developing AI technology that could save lives. “Technology can clearly do better than human beings in many cases,” Ronald Arkin, dean at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, US, told The Christian Science Monitor. “If we are willing to turn over some of our decision making to these machines, we may actually get better outcomes.”
1.What does Steve Wozniak think the future robot technology might produce?
A. Artificial Intelligence. B. Autonomous weapons.
C. Soldiers that never sleep. D. Killing machines.
2.The underlined word “spell” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “______”.
A. cause B. prevent
C. reach D. change
3.What does Stuart Russell mean by saying “killer robots could be here within years, not decades.”?
A. Killer robots will visit UC Berkeley, US sooner than expected.
B. Killer robots will be produced and used sooner than expected.
C. Killer robots will speed up the development of AI in the near future.
D. Killer robots will kill these scientists in the near future.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A. More and more of humans’ tasks are being taken over by robots.
B. Robots have decision-making abilities and the ability to act by itself.
C. Scientists called for a ban on the development of robot technology.
D. All technologies have potential for being used for good and evil ends.
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2017屆高三下學期仿真模擬（四）英語試卷 題型：完形填空
One day, a train was approaching the small town of Cheekyville. On the train was a_______ guy with a big suitcase. He was called William Warbler and he looked very _______indeed. But what made him most unusual was the fact that whenever he needed to_______ he did it by singing opera. It didn’t matter to William whether it was simply a matter of answering a brief greeting, like “good day”. He would ________“Goood dayyy to youuuuuu..... toooooo!”
No one could get a normal,________word out of him. And, as no one knew how he made his living and he lived quite simply, always wearing the same old second-hand suit — they often ________ him.
They _______his singing, calling him “crazy”. William had been in Cheekyville for some years, when, one day, a rumor(謠言) _________round the town: William had ________ a role in a very important opera in the nation’s capital, and there were posters everywhere ________ the event was a great ________. And to everyone’s surprise in Cheekyville---when William was being _______by reporters, he answered their questions by speaking ________singing. And he did it with good____________ and with a clear and pleasant voice.
From that day, William gave up singing _________. Now he did only during his stage appearances and world tours. Some people suspected ________he had changed, but others still had no idea, and continued believing him to be somewhat mad. They wouldn’t have thought so_________ they had seen what William kept in his big suitcase. It was a large stone with a hand-carved message on it. It said “Practice every second, for you never know when your _______will come.”
Little did people know that rather _______he got the role in the opera because the________had heard William singing while out buying a newspaper.
1.A. strange B. handsome C. funny D. sensitive
2.A. strong B. special C. common D. anxious
3.A. debate B. practice C. sing D. communicate
4.A. shout B. respond C. repeat D. tease
5.A. singing B. spoken C. written D. printed
6.A. disrespected B. loved C. appreciated D. disturbed
7.A. made fun of B. got addicted to C. took pride in D. made sense of
8.A. developed B. reflected C. spread D. expressed
9.A. refused B. ruined C. created D. got
10.A. confirming B. advertising C. approving D. assessing
11.A. benefit B. discovery C. success D. experience
12.A. opposed B. blamed C. interviewed D. welcomed
13.A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
14.A. service B. remarks C. signs D. manners
15.A. at all hours B. at all points C. at certain time D. at times
16.A. how B. why C. that D. where
17.A. while B. because C. if D. since
18.A. chance B. money C. inspiration D. wisdom
19.A. carefully B. quickly C. naturally D. accidentally
20.A. director B. writer C. actress D. teacher
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