Question

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing (擠過去) past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people in UK.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize (批評) others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
【小題1】What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A．He thinks it is unnecessary.	B．He thinks little of it.
C．He appreciates it very much.	D．He thinks it goes too far.

【小題2】What can be inferred from the passage?

A．German men never treat a woman to dinner.

B．The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.

C．In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.

D．Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.

【小題3】We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A．like to fight with each other

B．treat women in a polite way

C．are as generous as English men

D．are unwilling to spend money for women

【小題4】The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A．making comparisons	B．telling stories
C．giving reasons	D．giving examples

Answer 1

【小題1】
【小題2】
【小題3】
【小題4】

解析試題分析：本文通過比較的方法介紹了英國人的禮貌，以及蘇格蘭人和英格蘭人的區別。
【小題1】C 推理題。通讀全文，以及文章第一句It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere說明在英國處處人們都很有禮貌，下文還提及了德國人說謝謝你的次數較少，說明作者認為這樣的禮貌是很好的，故C正確。
【小題2】D 細節題。根據第二段最后3行English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.說明D項正確。
【小題3】D 細節題。根據文章最后4行British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.說明蘇格蘭的男人沒有英格蘭的男人慷慨，故D項正確。
【小題4】A 推理題。在本文中作者把英國人和德國人進行比較，把英格蘭人和蘇格蘭人進行比較，故本文是通過比較來組織全文的，故A正確。
考點：考查文件類短文閱讀
點評：本文屬于文化類閱讀，要求學生有一定的跨文化意識，考查較為全面，主要是細節題，要注意文本內容的理解。關鍵是找出原文的根據，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據，完成閱讀。