The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.
A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical (統(tǒng)計的) probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity (長壽).
46. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because _______.
A. wrong decisions could lead to poor health
B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge
C. it is essential to personal freedom in American society
D. it helps cure most illnesses
47. To “l(fā)ive a completely sedentary life-style” (Para.1) in the passage means _________.
A. to “l(fā)ive a decent life” B. to “l(fā)ive an inactive life”
C. to “l(fā)ive a life of vice” D. to “l(fā)ive a life with complete freedom”
48. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because __________.
A. few people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of life
B. people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends
C. current medical knowledge is not enough yet
D. there are many factors influencing our decisions
49. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to _______.
A. deliberately ending one’s life B. improving the quality of one’s life
C. limiting one’s personal health choice D. breaking the rules of social behavior
50. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on ______.
A. personal decisions B. statistical evidence
C. friends’ opinions D. society’s laws
名校課堂系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：河南省開封市2009屆高三年級第一次模擬考試、英語試題 題型：050
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科目：高中英語 來源：河南省開封市2009屆高三第一次模擬考試 題型：閱讀理解
The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. ?
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis(海嘯). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. ?
There was large damage and loss of life at Concep-cion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed . A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.?
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估計) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 57,002 with no distinction(差別) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.
1.Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred? ?
A. Concep--cion. B. Isla Chiloe. C. Valdivia D. Valparaiso.
2.What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake? ?
A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats. ?
C. The tsunami waves were very destructive. ?
D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
3.What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake? ?
A. About 2,000,000. B. Between 4,900 to 57,002.?
C. About 200,000. D. It was hard to know.
4.What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragragh probably mean ?
A. was destroyed B. caught fire C. was flooded D. sank
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. ?
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis(海嘯). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. ?
There was large damage and loss of life at Concep-cion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed . A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.?
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估計) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 57,002 with no distinction(差別) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.
61. Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred? ?
A. Concep--cion. B. Isla Chiloe. C. Valdivia D. Valparaiso.
62. What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake? ?
A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats. ?
C. The tsunami waves were very destructive. ?
D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
63. What is gen generally thought the main cause of deathis in Chile?
A. Landslides. B. The tsunami.?
C. Aftershocks. D.The magnitude 9.5 earthquake
64. What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake? ?
A. 2,000,000. B. Between 4,900 to 57,00?
C. 200,000. D. It was hard to know.
65. What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragragh probably mean ?
A. was destroyed B. caught fire C. was flooded D. sank
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile.
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis(海嘯). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland.
There was large damage and loss of life at
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估計) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 57,002 with no distinction(差別) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in
56. Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?
A. Concep--cion. B. Isla Chiloe. C. Valdivia D.
57. What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?
A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats.
C. The tsunami waves were very destructive.
D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
58. What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake?
A. About 2,000,000. B. Between 4,900 to 57,002.
C. About 200,000. D. It was hard to know.
59. What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragragh probably mean ?
A. was destroyed B. caught fire C. was flooded D. sank
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The largest earthquake （magnitude里氏 9．5） of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile．?
It generated（生成） one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis（海嘯）．Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe．The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter（震中）．Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland．
There was large damage and loss of life at Concep-cion, Chile's top industrial city．Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people．At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed．A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless．
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated to be over a half billion dollars．The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region．Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 5,700 with no distinction（差別） as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami．However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami．
1．Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?
A．Concep--cion． B．Isla Chiloe． C．Valdivia D．Valparaiso．
2．What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?
A．The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake．
B．The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats．
C．The tsunami waves were very destructive．
D．The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland．
3．What is generally thought the main cause of death is in Chile?
A．Landslides． B．The tsunami．
C．Aftershocks． D．The magnitude 9．5 earthquake
4．What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake?
A．2,000,000． B．Between 4,900 to 5,700
C．200,000． D．It was hard to know．
5．What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragraph probably mean?
A．was destroyed B．caught fire C．was flooded D．sank
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