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閱讀理解。
     Secondhand smoke is a byproduct of cigarette, cigar or pipe smoking. Secondhand smoke occurs
when tobacco burns or when smokers exhale, and it is inhaled (吸入)involuntarily by non-smokers.
     Secondhand smoke___________________. The first is called side stream smoke, which is the
smoke released from the burning end of a cigarette or cigar, or from tobacco burning in the bowl of
a pipe. The second is called mainstream smoke, which is exhaled by a smoker.
     When nonsmokers are exposed to secondhand smoke, they inhale many of the same cancer-causing
chemicals that smokers inhale. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, cigarette smoke contains more
than 4,000 chemical compounds, including more than 50 cancer-causing chemicals, and at least 250
chemicals that are either toxic or carcinogenic.
     Both side stream and mainstream smoke are dangerous to nonsmokers. Side stream smoke is
generated at lower temperatures and under different conditions than mainstream smoke. As a result, it
contains higher concentrations of many of the toxins found in cigarette smoke.
     Secondhand smoke has been designated as a known human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, the National Toxicology Program, and the International Agency for Research on
Cancer. Secondhand smoke also is listed as an occupational carcinogen by the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health.
     According to the 2006 report by the U.S. Surgeon General, there is no risk-free level of exposure
to secondhand smoke: even small amounts of secondhand smoke exposure can be harmful to people's
health. Separating smokers from nonsmokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating buildings can help.
However, they cannot eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke.
1.What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)
    _________________________________________________________ 
2. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
In whatever way, people can’t get rid of the risk of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke
completely.
     _________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
     _________________________________________________________
4. Name at least three ways that will help reduce the harm of secondhand smoke.
  (no more than 12 words)
     _________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
     _________________________________________________________
1.Secondhand smoke and its effect on non-smokers’ health
2.However, they cannot eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke.
3.is composed of /consists of/ is made up of two types of smoke
4.Separating smokers from nonsmokers； Cleaning the air；Ventilating buildings
5.當不吸煙的人吸二手煙時，他們吸入了很多和吸煙人一樣的致癌物質(zhì)。
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科目：高中英語 來源：福建省南安一中2012屆高三上學期期中考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　Ten years ago, Pierre Omidyar, a software engineer working in California's Silicon Valley, began thinking about how to use the internet for a trading system in which buyers and sellers could establish a genuine market price．Over a long holiday weekend he wrote the computer code．At first, a trickle of users arrived at his website－including his girlfriend, who traded PEZ candy dispensers．By the end of 1995, several thousand auctions had been completed and interest in eBay was growing．And it grew and grew．From this modest beginning, eBay has become a global giant, with around 150m registered users worldwide who are set to buy and sell goods worth more than $40 billion this year．

　　The remarkable tale of eBay's growth points to some important lessons for any business trying to operate online－and today that includes, one way or another, most firms．The commercial opportunities presented by an expanding global web seem almost limitless．But the pace of change is rapid, and so is the ferocity(激烈)of competition．To succeed, firms need agility(靈活), an open mind and the ability to reinvent themselves repeatedly．Most of all, they need to listen carefully to their customers, paying close attention to what they do and don't want．

　　Such qualities, of course, would be valuable in any kind of business．Yet for online firms they are not a luxury, but necessary for mere survival．This is true for a variety of reasons．The internet is not only growing, but changing rapidly－which, in turn, changes the rules of the game for any business relying on it．The barriers to entry are still low compared with those for most offline businesses, which means that just keeping track of your existing rivals is not enough．These may not represent the greatest competitive threat tomorrow or the next day．That could come from a number of directions－a firm in a different type of online business; one that does not yet exist; or even from one of your own customers．On top of all this, the behavior of many consumers is constantly changing as well, as individuals discover new ways to shop and interact with each other via the web．

　　All these factors make the internet a dangerous place to do business, as well as one full of promise．eBay's history demonstrates both of those things．It is probably safe to say full of promise．eBay could have existed without the internet－or could have grown so fast．Even though there have been signs of the firm's blistering(快速的)pace slowing a bit in America, its most “mature” market. there remain vast opportunities overseas, particularly, some argue, in China．Meg Whitman, eBay's chief executive, believes the company is still only at the beginning of what it could achieve．

(1)

What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

[　　]

A．

To introduce the founder of eBay and his girlfriend．

B．

To demonstrate how clever the founder of eBay is．

C．

To show how eBay started and has grown．

D．

To introduce eBay to people．

(2)

Which of the following best summarizes Pierre Omidyar's intention with regard to eBay?

[　　]

A．

To set up a global internet business．

B．

To allow people to freely buy and sell on the internet at acceptable prices．

C．

To set up a mechanism on the internet to allow people to trade at true market prices．

D．

To se up a business mechanism for his girlfriend．

(3)

Which of these is it NOT necessary for a company selling on the internet to do?

[　　]

A．

Have the most competitive price for each of their online products．

B．

Be able to change to suit the prevailing(流行的，優(yōu)勢的)market conditions．

C．

Be prepared to consider all options and alternatives．

D．

Have a good idea of what their customers do not want．

(4)

What does　“barriers to entry are still low compared with those for most offline businesses”　in paragraph 3 mean?

[　　]

A．

It is easier to set up an internet business than a conventional one．

B．

Internet trade is growing faster than traditional business sector．

C．

It is cheaper to set up an internet business than a traditional one．

D．

Companies generally prefer to do business online rather than offline．

(5)

Why does the article conclude that the internet “is a dangerous place to do business”?

[　　]

A．

Because companies that sell online may be unreliable．

B．

Because there are no controls on doing business on the internet．

C．

Because doing business online is unpredictable．

D．

Because even companies like eBay have problems doing business online．

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科目：高中英語 來源：廣東省潮州市實驗中學2010屆高三下學期4月月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解


Ⅲ 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among  the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to se ek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
41．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.
B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition
42．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It pushes society forward.       B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It improves personal abilities. D．It encourages individual efforts.
43．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means          .
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
44．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?
A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
45．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

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科目：高中英語 來源：廣東省潮州市實驗中學2010屆高三下學期4月月考 題型：閱讀理解


Ⅲ 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among  the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to se ek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
41．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.
B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition
42．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It pushes society forward.       B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It improves personal abilities. D．It encourages individual efforts.
43．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means           .
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
44．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?
A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
45．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Ⅲ 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among  the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to se ek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

41．What does this passage mainly talk about?

       A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.

       B．Opinions about competition are different among people.

       C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

       D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition

42．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

       A．It pushes society forward.       B．It builds up a sense of duty.

       C．It improves personal abilities. D．It encourages individual efforts.

43．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means           .

       A．those who try their best to win

       B．those who value competition most highly

       C．those who are against competition most strongly

       D．those who rely on others most for success

44．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?

       A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.

       B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.

       C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.

       D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.

45．Which point of view may the author agree to?

       A．Every effort should be paid back.

       B．Competition should be encouraged.

       C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.

       D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Ⅲ 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among  the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to se ek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

41．What does this passage mainly talk about?

       A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.

       B．Opinions about competition are different among people.

       C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

       D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition

42．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

       A．It pushes society forward.       B．It builds up a sense of duty.

       C．It improves personal abilities. D．It encourages individual efforts.

43．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means           .

       A．those who try their best to win

       B．those who value competition most highly

       C．those who are against competition most strongly

       D．those who rely on others most for success

44．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?

       A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.

       B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.

       C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.

       D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.

45．Which point of view may the author agree to?

       A．Every effort should be paid back.

       B．Competition should be encouraged.

       C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.

       D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

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