【題目】蔡元培出任北京大學校長后的第二年(1917年)，即出面請魯迅為北京大學設計校徽。魯迅于當年8月7日將設計好的校徽圖樣寄交蔡元培，即被采用。后又曾長期棄用，20世紀80年代始重新使用，現使用的北京大學校徽系在此基礎上修改而成的。右圖即北京大學校徽，請簡要說說其含意。
【答案】(示例)“北大”兩個篆字上下排列，上面的“北”字是背對背側立的兩個人像，下面的“大”字是一個正面站立的人像，有如一人背負二人，構成了“三人成眾”的意象，給人以“北大人肩負著開啟民智的重任”的意蘊。“北大”二字還有“脊梁”的象征意義，設計者借此希望北京大學畢業生能成為國家的脊梁。
【解析】此題考查圖文轉換能力。答圖文轉化的題目要注意以下誤區：首先信息歸結多余或無中生有。 其次信息遺漏或缺失。學生在讀圖表時不細心,不全面,結果顧此失彼,造成信息缺失或遺漏,使得答案要點不全面。再次，信息推斷錯誤。最后，答案表述啰唆,條理混亂。圖文轉換題型最難最關鍵的就是怎樣選用語言來組織答案。學生往往不注意題目要求,或一五一十地把圖表內容說出來,其中夾雜很多數據,語言不簡練,思路不清晰;或過于籠統,不得要領甚至不著邊際,前者情況較普遍。
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英才計劃同步課時高效訓練系列答案科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：
【題目】下面是同學們熟悉的杜甫畫像，請你認真閱讀這幅畫像并結合你對杜甫的認識與理解，刻畫出你心目中的杜甫形象。要求：①使用第二人稱，側重肖像描寫；②運用兩種修辭手法；③語言要簡明、連貫、得體；④不少于100字。
答：________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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【題目】2016年8月，廣東省公布了高考綜合改革試點方案，并從2018年秋季新入學的高一學生開始實施。新方案最大亮點是給學生多種選擇的機會，也因此給學生和家長帶來前所未有的挑戰。為此，廣東某地方報紙作了相關報道，并配發了下面這幅插圖，請仔細觀察，根據要求作答。（6分）
（1）簡要說明畫面內容。（2分）
（2）從這幅插圖的創意出發，揭示畫面的內涵。（4分）
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【題目】2015年11月13日，法國巴黎遭遇恐怖襲擊后，全世界人民以“Pray For Paris”的話題為巴黎祈福。下圖是傳播最廣泛的一張。請大家評述此圖的創意。（4分）
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科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：
【題目】閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city.
Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn’t built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. Seawater is everywhere around the city.
Even so, travel isn’t difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. People in Venice move from place to place by boat.
Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem. Sometimes tourists will have such strange experiences. One moment they walk across the Rialto Bridge, and there’s nothing special. But when they come back to the bridge an hour later, it’s underwater and everyone is wearing rain shoes.
Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters. Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean (北冰洋) melt (融化). Every year, high waters hit the city in autumn and winter. When a lot of water comes, more than half of the city is underwater.
Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. The Italian government has asked some of Italy’s biggest companies to build the MOST project, which was planned to be build under the seawater to stop the rising water. Anyway, this project is helping solve the problem.
【1】Which is the best way to travel in Venice?
A. The waterways. B. Taxis and cars.
C. 400 bridges. D. Boats and rain shoes.
【2】What doesn’t cause Venice to get lower and lower?
A. The ice of the Arctic Ocean melt.
B. Seawater is everywhere around the city.
C. People used too much underground water
D. The temperature has become higher over the years.
【3】What can we infer from the last passage?
A. Venice is sure to stop getting lower.
B. High waters won’t hit Venice any more.
C. Scientists can solve the problems easily.
D. Some possible ways help to solve the problem.
【4】What’s the best title of this passage?
A. The History of Venice
B. The MOST Project of Venice.
C. The Places of Interest of Venice
D. The Specials and Problems of Venice
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科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：
【題目】閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，選出最佳選項。
When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation. I suggested that they should stay at “bed and breakfast” houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.
“We didn’t stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were on holiday.” I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought “VACANCIES” meant “holidays”, because the Spanish word for “holidays” is said “vacaciones”. So they did not go to house where the sign outside said “VACANCIES”, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to houses where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”, because they thought this meant people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels.
We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word “DIVERSION” means “fun”. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word “DIVERSION” on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hole.
English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris when someone offered me some more coffee, I said “Thank you” in French, I meant that I would like some more, however to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No, Thank you”.
【1】 The author’s Spanish friends wanted advice about _______.
A. some funny English stories
B. finding places to stay in England
C. driving their car on English roads
D. going to England by car
【2】The author suggested that they stay at “bed and breakfast” because _______.
A. it would be convenient for them to have dinners and live
B. it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels
C. they would be able to practice their English in the house
D. there would be no problem about finding accommodation there
【3 】“NO VACANCIES” in English means _______.
A. no free rooms B. free rooms
C. not away on holiday D. they don’t live
【4】If you see road sign that says “Diversion” in England, you will _______.
A. take the road and you will be excited
B. have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself
C. find that the road is blocked by crowds of people
D. have to take a different road
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科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：
【題目】閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
Actually, long-distance bicycle camping is one of the most pleasurable activities I have ever experienced.
I generally sleep poorly at night, but in the woods on a tour, I sleep like a baby, falling asleep with the music of insects. In the morning, I am awakened by the cheeps of birds. I eat a snack before getting up, and then I quickly pack my sleeping bag, air mattress (墊), tent, and other things and get on with my road. I'm slower in the morning, having less speed but a greater desire to stop at pleasant spots and enjoy the beautiful scenery. Traveling by bike allows me to stop anywhere, such as grasslands, lakes, woods, and scenic spots. Near lunch, I find a small grocery and buy some bread, sandwiches and fruit. Then I will find a town park or other shady spots to wait out the high mid-day sun. In the afternoon, my speeds are higher, and I spend less time on stops. In the late afternoon, I start riding more slowly, and I start thinking about where I will stop. I finally find a place in the early evening, cook a simple meal and have a rest. As it starts to get dark, I put up my tent, crawl in and fall asleep.
There are exciting times and difficult times as well. Visiting strange or famous places and accomplishing goals are always exciting to me. I meet and talk with interesting people along the way, sometimes other traveling cyclists. Appreciating beautiful views, meeting wild animals, and traveling up and down hills also. On the other hand, I may run into a rainy or hot spell(一段時間), have to repair my bike, or just find myself in a bad mood. The problems are infrequent and are easy to deal with. The pleasures remain in my mind for years.
【1】We can learn from the passage that the author can have a good sleep ______.
A. in a hotel
B. at home
C. in the shade
D. in the woods
【2】 In the first paragraph, the author tells us that ________.
A. how he sleeps during his travel
B. the route of his bicycle travel
C. why he rides slowly all the time
D. one day’s activities of his bicycle travel
【3】It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the author ________.
A. enjoys a free and pleasant journey
B. likes riding in the woods
C. rides fast in the morning
D. cooks a simple lunch
【4】 According to the passage, a cycle tourist may prefer ________.
A. a beautiful view
B. a rainy day
C. a hot day
D. a strong wind
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科目：高中地理 來源： 題型：
【題目】閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
When sevenyearold Sky Nockels learned that black rhinoceroses (犀牛) were an endangered species, he decided to do something to help them. He raised money to adopt (收養) a black rhino named Imara at the Great Plains Zoo in South Dakota. By adopting Imara, Sky helps the zoo take care of the rhino’s needs, such as food and a good habitat.
Sky has been a summer camp member at the Great Plains Zoo since he was three. There he and other kids learnt about the animals and did projects for them. “We made juice drinks for the bears,” says Sky. “They enjoyed them.”
Now that Sky is older, he is playing an even more active role in the care of the animals. Since black rhinos are one of Sky’s favorite animals, he decided to adopt Imara first. “I adopted a Grevy’s zebra named Demani, too, for my little brother Alexander,” he says.
Sky raised money to help care for the animals he wanted to adopt. He promised to raise $75 for his rhino and $25 for Alexander’s zebra. To earn the money, Sky and his grandfather planted a vegetable garden. Sky planted seeds (種子), watered, and cleared the grass. When the time came, he harvested the vegetables and sold them in front of his parents’ store.
When Sky’s friends heard about this, they brought vegetables from their parents’ gardens to sell, too. With the help of his friends, he earned enough money to keep his promises.
Sky is one of the youngest people to adopt an animal at the Great Plains Zoo. He cares about the animals and plans to plant and sell vegetables again this summer to help them. “I hope other children do something to help animals, too,” he says.
【1】 The passage is written mainly to ________.
A. explain why rhinos are endangered
B. show children how to adopt animals
C. tell a story about how a kid helps animals
D. let us know more about endangered animals
【2】The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. other kids B. animals
C. the bears D. juice drinks
【3】According to the passage, Sky raised money by ________.
A. working in his parents’ store
B. selling vegetables he planted
C. working in other people’s gardens
D. helping Grandpa plant a garden
【4】 Which of the following words can best describe Sky?
A. Worried. B. Kind-hearted.
C. Frightened. D. Easy-going.
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