17.Having a teenager at home can be a real headache.Many teenagers smoke,wear strange hairstyle and even fight.Generally,they are often taking risks.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group,including children and adults.Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong?Not really.So what's the reason?
According to Laurence,a teacher from a US university,the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同齡人) view them-that is"peer influence".
As children enter their teenage years,they spend more time with their friends and classmates,and also they care more about what they think of them.This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.
In a test,a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game.When they played with their friends watching around them,they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.But when they played alone,they drove more safely.
Why do peers have such a big influence on teens'behavior?
As Laurence sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油門) but a weak brake (剎車).The"accelerator"is fully developed by teenage years while the"brake"is still not fully developed.When teenagers are watched by their peers,they usually push hard on the accelerator.With their weak brake,it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.
But the good news is that a violent teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self-controlled."
42.What does the underlined word"irrational"in the 2nd paragraph probably mean?B
A.Quick.
B.Crazy.
C.Careful.
D.Correct.
43.According to the passage,teenagers often take risks becauseD.
A.They like challenging themselves.
B.They are too young to tell right from wrong.
C.They don't think about costs.
D.They care about what their peers think of them.
44.How does Laurence explain the influence of peer influence on teens'behavior?A
A.By using a metaphor (比喻).
B.By giving real examples.
C.By presenting research results.
D.By doing experiments.
45.We can learn from the text thatC.
A.teenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.
B.peer influence has a good influence on teenagers.
C.most of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
D.teenagers shouldn't spend all the free time with their friends.
分析 這是一篇教育文化類閱讀.文章大意:在家里有一個十幾歲的孩子可真讓人頭痛,許多青少年抽煙,留著奇怪的發型甚至打架,一般來說,他們經常冒險.早期的研究表明,青少年比其他任何年齡組的人更容易做出非理性的決定,包括孩子和成年人.難道青少年太年輕,不能分辨對與錯嗎?根據勞倫斯,一個來自美國的大學老師,原因是青少年關心他們的伙伴認為它們是"同伴影響".隨著孩子們進入青少年時代,他們花更多的時間和朋友和同學在一起,他們更關心他們對他們的看法,這使得青少年在不考慮成本的情況下做決定.在一次測試中,一群青少年被要求玩一個視頻駕駛游戲,當他們和他們的朋友一起看他們的比賽,他們抓住更多的機會,開車更不小心,因為這將增加他們獲勝的可能性.為什么同齡人對青少年的行為有如此大的影響?在勞倫斯看來,一個十幾歲的青少年的大腦就像一輛好的加速器,但制動效果不強."加速器"是完全由十幾歲的孩子而"剎車"還沒有完全開發.當青少年被同伴們的注視下,他們通常會使勁踩加速器.用自己弱小的制動器,是可能的,一次意外事故結尾.但好消息是,一個暴力的青少年不一定會變成暴力的成年人,大約三分之二到四分之三的暴力青年會從中成長,"他們得到更多的自我控制."
解答 42題答案:B 考查詞義猜測題.根據后面的句子Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong?可知劃線詞所在句子句意為:先前的研究已經表明,青少年比任何其他年齡組的人更容易做出非理性的決定,所以該選B.
43題答案:D 考查:細節理解題.根據第三段末the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同齡人) view them-that is"peer influence".可知該選D.
44題答案:A 考查細節理解題.根據第七段第一句As Laurence sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油門) but a weak brake (剎車).在勞倫斯看來,一個十幾歲的青少年的大腦就像一輛好的加速器,但制動效果不強.可知該選A.
45題答案:C 考查細節理解題.根據短文最后About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self-controlled.可知該選C.
點評 做此類題需準確的翻譯短文,根據根據短文的內容,仔細讀每一道題,涉及的同義詞辨析,理解等要有針對性與短文相結合,再選出最符合題意的答案.