【題目】小華認識了來自非洲的黑人朋友拉比，拉比介紹了許多家鄉的情況，據此完成下面小題。
【1】下列描述，符合拉比家鄉所在大洲情況的是（ ）
A. 大多位于溫帶B. 熱帶草原氣候分布面積廣
C. 以黑種人為主，人口自然增長率低D. 經濟發達
【2】非洲經濟落后的歷史根源是（ ）
A. 人口增長過快B. 自然資源貧乏
C. 長期遭受殖民統治D. 自然條件惡劣
【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲最迫切解決的問題是（ ）
A. 人口B. 糧食
C. 環境D. 教育
【4】撒哈拉以南的非洲礦產資源豐富，其中儲量和產量居世界第一位的是（ ）
A. 銅和石油B. 鋁土和鐵礦
C. 金剛石和銅D. 黃金和金剛石
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】A
【4】D
【解析】
根據非洲地跨赤道南北，它東瀕印度洋，西臨大西洋，北隔地中海及直布羅陀海峽與歐洲相望，東北與亞洲之間隔著狹長的紅海，并以蘇伊士運河為陸上分界。非洲是世界古人類和古文明的發祥地之一，擁有悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化，進行分析解答。
【1】非洲3/4的面積在南、北回歸線之間的熱帶，絕大部分地區年平均氣溫在20℃以上，氣候普遍暖熱，因而被稱為“熱帶大陸”，故A敘述錯誤；
非洲分布最廣的氣候類型是熱帶草原氣候，故B敘述正確；
非洲以黑種人為主，人口自然增長率高，故C敘述錯誤；
非洲經濟較落后，故D敘述錯誤。
故選：B。
【2】非洲經濟落后的歷史根源是長期遭受殖民統治。故選：C。
【3】撒哈拉以南的非洲多數國家，長期受殖民統治經濟模式單一，經濟發展落后；非洲是人口自然增長率最高的一洲，人口的快速增長造成了糧食的極度短缺，為了滿足糧食需要，不斷的破壞生存的環境，現階段人口、糧食、環境是非洲面臨的巨大問題；現階段，非洲面臨的主要任務是：控制人口增長；保護自然環境，提高農牧業生產水平；發展多元化經濟；培養科技人才；提高民族文化素質；科技興農等，其中控制人口增長是非洲人民面臨的最緊迫任務。根據題意。故選：A。
【4】非洲地域遼闊，物產豐富多樣，被譽為“富饒大陸”。非洲礦產資源種類多，儲量大。金剛石、黃金、鉻鐵礦、磷酸鹽等的儲量和產量都居世界首位。故選：D。
考查非洲的地理概況。
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