【題目】 2018年國慶節假期，某校組織七年級學生走進河北地質大學地球科學博物館，在這里，同學們可以了解到宇宙的奧秘、地球的圈層結構、地球的運動和地球的內外動力作用，還可以了解地球演變過程中遺存的各種古生物化石。
據此結合所學知識，完成以下面小題。
【1】地球是人類共同的家園，下列有關地球的說法正確的是（ ）
A.地球是正球體B.地球的平均半徑為6378千米
C.哥倫布的環球航行證明地球是圓的D.地球的表面積約為5.1億平方千米
【2】下列關于地球運動產生的現象，說法正確的是（ ）
A.地球公轉時，地軸指向北極星
B.地球公轉和自轉時方向一致，都是自東向西
C.地球自轉時，產生了四季更替
D.地球自轉時，產生了晝夜更替現象
【3】考古學家在喜馬拉雅山上發現海洋生物化石，這說明了地球曾經發生過什么演變（ ）
A.這里曾經是陸地B.這里曾經是海洋，后來地殼變動，成為高山
C.這里曾經發生地震D.登山者曾改造過這里
【答案】
【1】D
【2】D
【3】B
【解析】
【1】地球是一個赤道略鼓，兩極稍扁得不規則的球體，故A不正確；地球的平均半徑為6371千米，故B不正確；麥哲倫的環球航行證明地球是圓的，故C不正確； 地球的表面積約為5.1億平方千米，故D正確。根據題意選D。
【2】地球公轉時，地球的北極始終指向北極星附近，故A不正確；地球公轉和自轉時方向一致，都是自西向東，故B不正確；地球公轉時，產生了四季更替，故C不正確；地球自轉時，產生了晝夜更替現象，故D正確。根據題意選D。
【3】世界上的地殼是運動的，考古學家在喜馬拉雅山上發現海洋生物化石，這說明了這里曾經是海洋，后來地殼變動，成為高山。故選B。
該題考查地球的大小、地球的運動和海陸的變遷。分析解答即可。
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