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【題目】 古代描寫(xiě)我國(guó)河流的詩(shī)句很多,其中蘇軾的《念奴嬌·赤壁懷古》中“大江東去,浪淘盡,千古風(fēng)流人物”,就是對(duì)長(zhǎng)江的描寫(xiě)。

據(jù)此回答下列各題。

1導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)江這種流向的原因是()

A.地勢(shì)西高東低,呈階梯狀分布B.地形多種多樣,山區(qū)面積小

C.地勢(shì)南高北低,呈階梯狀分布D.氣候類型多樣,降水總量豐富

2對(duì)我國(guó)河流的敘述,不正確的是 ( )

A.外流河的水文特征深受季風(fēng)氣候影響

B.內(nèi)流河大部分屬于季節(jié)性河流

C.長(zhǎng)江自古以來(lái)就享有“黃金水道”的盛譽(yù)

D.黃河是我國(guó)第二大河

【答案】

1A

2D

【解析】

中國(guó)外流區(qū)面積610多萬(wàn)平方千米,約占全國(guó)陸地總面積的64%.內(nèi)流區(qū)面積約占全國(guó)陸地總面積的36%.中國(guó)絕大多數(shù)河流分布在外流區(qū),外流河年徑流總量占全國(guó)的95%以上,內(nèi)流河年徑流總量不足5%。

1地勢(shì)的特點(diǎn)決定河流的流向,河流總是由高處向低處流,由于中國(guó)地勢(shì)西高東低,呈階梯狀分布,所以長(zhǎng)江水自西向東流.故選:A。

2A、我國(guó)外流河的水文特征深受季風(fēng)氣候的影響.隨著雨帶由南向北推移,河流水量驟增,水位上漲,形成汛期.故A不符合題意;

B、我國(guó)外流河多分布在西北內(nèi)陸.這里降水稀少,氣候干旱,河水主要來(lái)自高山冰雪融水.夏季,隨著冰雪融化,內(nèi)流河水量增多;夏季過(guò)后,河流水量逐漸減少,甚至斷流.所以,內(nèi)流河大部分屬于季節(jié)性河流.故B不符合題意;

C、長(zhǎng)江中下游水流平穩(wěn),江面開(kāi)闊,不少河段江面寬度超過(guò)10千米,航運(yùn)價(jià)值高.長(zhǎng)江地處亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候區(qū),降水豐富、無(wú)結(jié)冰期,四季通航,自古以來(lái)就享有“黃金水道”的盛譽(yù),故C不符合題意;

D、黃河是我國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河,也是世界著名大河之一.它源自巴顏喀拉山,流經(jīng)青海、四川等9省區(qū),注入渤海,全長(zhǎng)5464千米,流域面積75.24萬(wàn)平方千米.故D符合題意。

故選:D

本題考查我國(guó)的地勢(shì)特點(diǎn)及影響,屬于基礎(chǔ)題,理解簡(jiǎn)單即可。

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