【題目】 2019年1月3日10時26分，我國嫦娥四號探測器自主著陸，實現人類探測器首次月背軟著陸。我們探索認知宇宙的腳步一直未停。
據此回答下列各題
【1】下列不是指南北半球分界線的是（ ）
A. 0 °緯線B. 赤道C. 本初子午線D. 最長的緯線
【2】地球上有陽光直射的溫度帶是（ ）
A. 熱帶B. 北溫帶C. 南溫帶D. 寒帶
【3】我國中小學放寒假時，南半球的澳大利亞處在（ ）
A. 春季B. 夏季C. 秋季D. 冬季
【4】下列現象中是由地球自轉產生的是（ ）
A. 極夜現象B. 五帶的劃分C. 晝夜交替D. 四季變化
【5】地球儀上的緯線（ ）
A. 都是半圓B. 有無數條C. 長度相等D. 指示南北方向
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【3】B
【4】C
【5】B
【解析】
根據由于地球繞著太陽公轉，產生了春、夏、秋、冬四季的變化，而且南北半球季節相反；地球繞地軸不停轉動，叫地球自轉。地球自轉的方向是自西向東，自轉的周期是一天。地球自轉產生的現象是晝夜交替和時間差異；地球在自轉的同時還要繞著太陽轉動叫地球公轉，地球公轉的方向是自西向東，公轉的周期是一年。地球圍繞太陽公轉產生了四季變化、正午太陽高度的變化、晝夜長短的變化以及地球五帶等現象，進行分析解答。
【1】南北半球的劃分是以0°緯線即赤道為界，赤道以北為北半球，以南為南半球。赤道是最長的緯線。本初子午線為0°經線。故選：C。
【2】五帶中，熱帶有陽光直射現象，寒帶有極晝極夜現象，溫帶既無陽光直射也無極晝極夜現象，四季變化明顯。依據題意。故選：A。
【3】地球的公轉產生了四季變化，且南北半球季節正好相反，當位于北半球的我國放寒假時，南半球就是放暑假，澳大利亞在南半球，為夏季。根據題意。故選：B。
【4】地球自轉產生的現象是晝夜交替和時間差異；地球圍繞太陽公轉產生了四季變化、極晝極夜現象、晝夜長短的變化以及地球五帶劃分等現象。根據題意。故選：C。
【5】地球儀上的緯線，除了南北極點以外，都是圓圈；緯線指示東西方向；緯線圈的大小不等，赤道為最大的緯線圈，從赤道向兩極緯線圈逐漸縮小，到南、北兩極縮小為點。在地球儀上，緯線有無數條。故選：B。
考查地球自轉公轉的特點，經緯線的特點，五帶的劃分等。
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