【題目】(題文)讀“中國人口增長折線圖”,回答下面小題。
【1】(小題1)2010年,我國人口總數為( )
A. 11.08億 B. 11.34億 C. 12.66億 D. 13.40億
【2】(小題2)我國是世界上人口最多的國家,對此我國采取的人口國策是( )
A. 計劃生育 B. 鼓勵生育
C. 單獨二孩 D. 全面二孩
【3】(小題3)下列關于我國這一人口政策產生成就的敘述,錯誤的是( )
A. 人口增長速度大幅度降低 B. 人口總量所有下降
C. 轉變了人口增長方式 D. 緩解了人口對資源環境壓力
【4】(小題4)下列屬于人口增長過快帶來的問題是( )
A. 勞動力短缺 B. 社會負擔減輕
C. 人口老齡化 D. 環境惡化
【答案】
【1】【1】D
【2】【2】A
【3】【3】B
【4】【4】D
【解析】
【1】【1】我國人口一直在增長,從圖中可知,2010年,我國人口總數為13.40億,是世界上人口最多的國家。
【2】【2】我國人口增長的特點就是人口基數大,這樣在很長的一段時間內人口的總量還會增長,度過高峰期后,人口的總數才會下降,但人口素質不高的情況在短時間內還是難以根本改變,人口與經濟、社會、資源、環境的矛盾依然會十分突出,因此,實行計劃生育,控制人口數量,提高人口質量,是我國的一項長期的基本國策。
【3】【3】自20世紀70年代初期我國大力推行計劃生育政策以來,人口過快增長的勢頭得到有效遏制,人口增幅逐漸下降.但是,由于我國人口基數大,青少年比重高,增長速度快,每年新增人口仍達1000多萬,在今后一段較長的時期內,人口總量還將持續增長.故B符合題意。
【4】【4】勞動力短缺、人口老齡化是人口增長過慢帶來的問題,交通堵塞、環境污染、就業困難都是人口增長過快帶來的問題,故選D。
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