【題目】我國地域遼闊，自然環境復雜多樣。南部的海南島長夏無冬，四季鮮花盛開、瓜果飄香；北部的黑龍江長冬夏短，一年中有近半年天寒地凍，銀裝素裹。造成這種差異的主要原因是( )
A. 緯度因素B. 海陸因素C. 地形因素D. 人類活動
【答案】A
【解析】
世界各地的氣候為什么會千差萬別？簡單地說，影響氣候的因素主要有緯度因素、海陸因素、地形地勢因素、洋流因素及人類活動等，也是影響氣溫和降水的主要因素。
我國位于北半球，南北跨將近50個緯度。在冬季，太陽直射在南半球，對北半球來說，緯度越高，正午太陽高度角越低．我國北方地區正午太陽高度角比南方低，白晝短，得到太陽的光熱少。另外，我國北方地區鄰近冬季風的源地，寒冷的冬季風加劇了我國北方的嚴寒，而冬季風在翻越重重山嶺到達南方地區時，風力大大減弱。所以，我國黑龍江省北部冬季低溫可達-30～-40℃，滴水成冰，大地白雪皚皚；而海南省冬季平均氣溫在20℃左右，氣候暖熱，到處綠樹成陰；故選：A。
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